A patient presents with acute oliguria. Lab tests are done to pinpoint the cause. The nurse believes the patient has developed intra-renal acute kidney injury (AKI), based on which typical finding?
Serum creatinine (Cr.): 0.6-1.2
A 24-hour urine creatinine clearance test result that is higher than normal.
A serum creatinine of 0.5.
Casts present in the urinalysis.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Serum creatinine levels within the normal range (0.6-1.2) do not specifically indicate intra-renal AKI.
B. A high 24-hour creatinine clearance is not typically associated with intra-renal AKI, as kidney injury often leads to decreased filtration and clearance.
C. A low serum creatinine level (0.5) would generally indicate good kidney function rather than AKI.
D. Casts in the urine are indicative of damage within the kidney tubules, which is a characteristic finding of intra-renal AKI, often due to cellular injury or necrosis within the kidney itself.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. A specific gravity of 1.000 indicates very dilute urine, not concentrated. This would not be typical of dehydration, where urine would be concentrated with a high specific gravity.
B. Acute kidney injury (AKI) typically results in more concentrated urine due to retained waste products; therefore, specific gravity would likely be higher, not at the minimum level of 1.000.
C. A specific gravity of 1.000 indicates the kidney’s inability to concentrate urine, often seen in renal impairment where kidney function is compromised, leading to very dilute urine.
D. Specific gravity is unrelated to testicular cancer or an undescended testis, as it measures kidney concentration ability rather than reproductive health.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. An expiratory wheeze with a PCO₂ of 36 (within normal range) does not typically indicate respiratory failure.
B. A respiratory rate of 42 and a low oxygen saturation (SO₂) of 79% indicate hypoxemia and respiratory distress, which are hallmarks of respiratory failure.
C. A respiratory rate of 24 with a pH of 7.46 suggests mild hyperventilation or anxiety rather than respiratory failure.
D. A barking cough and a PO₂ of 90 are not indicative of respiratory failure; PO₂ of 90 is within normal limits.
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