A patient has decided to bottle-feed her twins.The nurse should give this patient which instruction to help alleviate breast engorgement?

Manually express colostrum as necessary.

Apply hot compresses to the breasts.

Massage the breast tissue surrounding the areola.

Wear a supportive bra.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

The correct answer is choice D. Wear a supportive bra. This will help suppress lactation and reduce the discomfort of engorgement.

The other choices are wrong because:

• Choice A. Manually express colostrum as necessary. This will stimulate milk production and prolong engorgement.

• Choice B. Apply hot compresses to the breasts. This will increase blood flow and swelling in the breasts and worsen engorgement.

• Choice C. Massage the breast tissue surrounding the areola. This will also stimulate milk production and prolong engorgement.

Normal ranges for breast engorgement are not applicable as it is a subjective experience that varies among women. However, some signs of engorgement include firm, tender, swollen breasts, flat or inverted nipples, and low-grade fever. Engorgement usually resolves within 24 to 36 hours after it begins.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The correct answer is choice C. Count the time from the beginning of one contraction to the end of the same contraction.

This is because the duration of a contraction is the length of time that the uterine muscle is tightening and relaxing.

The duration is measured from the start of one contraction until the end of that same contraction.

Choice A is wrong because it measures the frequency of contractions, not the duration.

The frequency is the time between the start of one contraction and the start of the next one.

Choice B is wrong because it measures only half of the duration of a contraction.

The middle of a contraction is when the uterine muscle reaches its peak intensity and then starts to relax.

Choice D is wrong because it measures both the duration and the interval of contractions.

The interval is the time between the end of one contraction and the start of the next one.

Normal ranges for contractions during labor are:

• Duration: 30 to 90 seconds

• Frequency: 2 to 5 minutes apart

• Interval: 30 to 120 seconds

A. The patient has heart disease, and the antibiotics will decrease the risk to her fetus of developing endocarditis. B. The patient has heart disease, and the antibiotics will decrease her risk of developing pericarditis. C. The patient will deliver post-term, and the antibiotics will help to decrease her risk of developing chorioamnionitis. D. The patient will deliver post-term, and the antibiotics will decrease the risk to her fetus of developing a systemic infection.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The correct answer is choice A. The patient has heart disease, and the antibiotics will decrease the risk to her fetus of developing endocarditis.Endocarditis is an infection of the inner lining of the heart and valves, which can be caused by bacteria entering the bloodstream during labor and delivery.Patients with mitral valve prolapse (MVP) are more prone to develop endocarditis because their valve leaflets are floppy and do not close tightly, creating a site for bacterial attachment.Antibiotics can help prevent this complication by killing the bacteria before they reach the heart.

Choice B is wrong because pericarditis is an inflammation of the outer layer of the heart, not the inner lining or valves.It is not related to MVP or bacterial infection.

Choice C is wrong because chorioamnionitis is an infection of the membranes and fluid that surround the fetus, not the heart.It is usually caused by bacteria ascending from the vagina or cervix, not from the bloodstream.

Choice D is wrong because delivering post-term does not increase the risk of systemic infection for the fetus.Systemic infection means infection that affects multiple organs or systems in the body, not just one specific site.

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A patient has decided to bottle-feed her twins.The nurse should give this patient which instruction to help alleviate breast engorgement?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a patient who is in labor and is placed on a monitor.How should the nurse determine the duration of contractions?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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