A patient has been taking phenobarbital for 2 weeks as part of his therapy for epilepsy. He tells the nurse that he feels tense and that the least little thing bothers him now. Which is the correct explanation for this problem?

These are adverse effects that usually subside after a few weeks.

The drug must be stopped immediately because of possible adverse effects.

This drug causes deprivation of REM sleep and may cause the inability to deal with normal stress.

This drug causes the rapid eye movement (REM) sleep period to increase, resulting in nightmares and restlessness.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   These are adverse effects that usually subside after a few weeks: While some adverse effects of phenobarbital may diminish over time, the symptoms described by the patient are more likely related to its impact on REM sleep.
B.   The drug must be stopped immediately because of possible adverse effects: Stopping phenobarbital abruptly can lead to withdrawal symptoms and potential rebound seizures; discontinuation should be done gradually under medical supervision.
C.   This drug causes deprivation of REM sleep and may cause the inability to deal with normal stress: Phenobarbital is known to disrupt REM sleep, leading to emotional lability, irritability, and difficulty coping with stress.
D.   This drug causes the rapid eye movement (REM) sleep period to increase, resulting in nightmares and restlessness: Phenobarbital actually decreases REM sleep, which can lead to disturbances in sleep patterns and mood changes.

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Correct Answer is ["0.6"]

Explanation

To find out how many milliliters (mL) of methylnaltrexone should be administered to achieve a dose of 12 mg, we need to set up a proportion based on the available concentration.

Given:

Methylnaltrexone concentration: 8 mg per 0.4 mL
Desired dose: 12 mg

We can set up the proportion as follows:

8 /0.4 = 12 / x

Where ( x ) is the unknown amount of methylnaltrexone in milliliters.

To solve for ( x ), we can cross multiply and then divide:

8x = 0.4 12

8x = 4.8

x = 4.8/8

x = 0.6

Therefore, the nurse should administer 0.6 mL of methylnaltrexone.

A. Take the medication in the morning to prevent insomnia. B. Use cooling measures to decrease fever. C. Chew sugarless gum to moisten the mouth. D. Take an antacid to relieve nausea.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Take the medication in the morning to prevent insomnia: This instruction is not directly

related to minimizing anticholinergic effects; it's more about managing the timing of medication administration.
B. Use cooling measures to decrease fever: Anticholinergic effects do not typically cause fever, so this instruction is not relevant.
C. Chew sugarless gum to moisten the mouth: Anticholinergic medications can cause dry mouth (xerostomia), and chewing gum can stimulate saliva production, alleviating this side effect.
D. Take an antacid to relieve nausea: Anticholinergic effects can include nausea, but taking an antacid is not a specific strategy for managing this side effect.

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A patient has been taking phenobarbital for 2 weeks as part of his therapy for epilepsy. He tells the nurse that he feels tense and that the least little thing bothers him now. Which is the correct explanation for this problem?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is ["0.6"]

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a patient who has schizophrenia strategies to cope with anticholinergic effects of fluphenazine. Which of the following should the nurse suggest to the patient to minimize anticholinergic effects?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The barbiturate phenobarbital is prescribed for a patient with epilepsy. While assessing the patient's current medications, the nurse recognizes that interactions may occur with which drugs? (Select all that apply.)

When assessing patients in the preoperative area, the nurse knows that which patient is at a higher risk for an altered response to anesthesia

A patient is experiencing status epilepticus. The nurse prepares to give which drug of choice for the treatment of this condition?

The nurse is reviewing the food choices of a patient who is taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). Which food choice would indicate the need for additional teaching?

A nurse is performing discharge teaching for a client who has seizures and a new prescription for phenytoin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?