A 29-year-old patient is admitted to the intensive care unit with the following symptoms: restlessness, hyperactive reflexes, talkativeness, confusion and periods of panic, and tachycardia. The nurse suspects that he may be experiencing the effects of taking which substance?

Opioids

Depressants

Alcohol

Stimulants

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   Opioids: Opioids typically cause sedation, respiratory depression, and decreased reflexes, which are opposite to the symptoms described.
B.   Depressants: Depressants, such as benzodiazepines or alcohol, would likely cause sedation, decreased reflexes, and confusion, but not the symptoms of restlessness, talkativeness, and hyperactive reflexes.
C.   Alcohol: While alcohol intoxication can cause confusion, talkativeness, and tachycardia, it is less likely to result in hyperactive reflexes and restlessness as described.
D.   Stimulants: Stimulants, such as amphetamines or cocaine, can cause restlessness, hyperactivity, talkativeness, confusion, panic, and tachycardia, matching the symptoms described.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Dobutamine is a sympathomimetic drug used to increase cardiac output in conditions such as heart failure. It is not an antidote for cholinergic drug overdose.
B. Atropine sulfate is the antidote for cholinergic drug overdose. It acts as a competitive antagonist to acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors, counteracting the effects of excessive cholinergic stimulation.
C. Atenolol is a beta-blocker used to manage hypertension and certain cardiac conditions. It is not an antidote for cholinergic drug overdose.
D. Bethanechol is a cholinergic agonist used to stimulate bladder contractions in urinary retention. It is not an antidote for cholinergic drug overdose; in fact, it would exacerbate cholinergic effects.

A. Get up slowly from a sitting or lying position. B. Take the medication with breakfast to promote the maximum effects of the drug. C. Fluids need to be restricted while on this medication. D. Blood pressure must be monitored because the medication may cause hypertension.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Getting up slowly from a sitting or lying position is an important aspect of patient education for individuals taking tamsulosin, as this medication can cause orthostatic hypotension, leading to dizziness or fainting upon standing up quickly.
B. Tamsulosin is often taken once daily, approximately 30 minutes after the same meal each day, typically breakfast or the first meal of the day. Taking it with breakfast is not a requirement for
its efficacy.

C. There is no need to restrict fluids while on tamsulosin therapy. In fact, adequate hydration is generally encouraged.
D. Tamsulosin is not typically associated with causing hypertension. Instead, it is more commonly associated with hypotension, especially orthostatic hypotension.

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A 29-year-old patient is admitted to the intensive care unit with the following symptoms: restlessness, hyperactive reflexes, talkativeness, confusion and periods of panic, and tachycardia. The nurse suspects that he may be experiencing the effects of taking which substance?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient has had an overdose of an intravenous cholinergic drug. The nurse expects to administer which drug as an antidote?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The teaching for a patient who is taking tamsulosin to reduce urinary obstruction due to benign prostatic hyperplasia will include which of these?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The opioid acetaminophen/hydrocodone is prescribed for a patient who has had surgery. The nurse informs the patient that which common adverse effects can occur with this medication? (Select all that apply.)

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The nurse has given medication instructions to a patient receiving phenytoin. Which statement by the patient indicates that the patient has an adequate understanding of the instructions?

A nurse is teaching a patient who has schizophrenia strategies to cope with anticholinergic effects of fluphenazine. Which of the following should the nurse suggest to the patient to minimize anticholinergic effects?