A 29-year-old patient is admitted to the intensive care unit with the following symptoms: restlessness, hyperactive reflexes, talkativeness, confusion and periods of panic, and tachycardia. The nurse suspects that he may be experiencing the effects of taking which substance?

Opioids

Depressants

Alcohol

Stimulants

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   Opioids: Opioids typically cause sedation, respiratory depression, and decreased reflexes, which are opposite to the symptoms described.
B.   Depressants: Depressants, such as benzodiazepines or alcohol, would likely cause sedation, decreased reflexes, and confusion, but not the symptoms of restlessness, talkativeness, and hyperactive reflexes.
C.   Alcohol: While alcohol intoxication can cause confusion, talkativeness, and tachycardia, it is less likely to result in hyperactive reflexes and restlessness as described.
D.   Stimulants: Stimulants, such as amphetamines or cocaine, can cause restlessness, hyperactivity, talkativeness, confusion, panic, and tachycardia, matching the symptoms described.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Do slow position changes to avoid falls from lowering blood pressure: This is not the priority teaching point for an anticholinergic medication. While some anticholinergics can cause orthostatic hypotension, the risk of urinary retention is a more significant concern.
B. If you feel short of breath, use a rescue inhaler: This instruction is unrelated to the use of anticholinergic medication and may be more relevant for patients with emphysema.
C. "If possible, try to avoid rooms that are cold.": Avoiding cold rooms is not directly related to the use of anticholinergic medication. The priority teaching point should address potential adverse effects specific to the medication.
D. "Make sure to seek care immediately if you're not able to urinate.": Anticholinergic medications can exacerbate urinary retention, particularly in older adults with benign prostatic hyperplasia. It's crucial for the patient to understand the importance of seeking medical attention if they experience difficulty urinating.

A. Fever B. Intractable hiccups C. Excessive salivation D. Extrapyramidal symptoms

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Fever: Fever is not a common adverse effect of haloperidol.

B. Intractable hiccups: While hiccups can occur as a side effect of some medications, they are not a commonly reported adverse effect of haloperidol.
C. Excessive salivation: Excessive salivation is not a typical adverse effect of haloperidol.

D. Extrapyramidal symptoms: Haloperidol, as a first-generation antipsychotic, is known to cause extrapyramidal symptoms such as dystonia, akathisia, parkinsonism, and tardive dyskinesia. Monitoring for these adverse effects is essential during treatment with haloperidol.

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A 29-year-old patient is admitted to the intensive care unit with the following symptoms: restlessness, hyperactive reflexes, talkativeness, confusion and periods of panic, and tachycardia. The nurse suspects that he may be experiencing the effects of taking which substance?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has schizophrenia and is taking haloperidol. The nurse should monitor for which of the following adverse effects of haloperidol?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is reviewing the food choices of a patient who is taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). Which food choice would indicate the need for additional teaching?

A patient has had an overdose of an intravenous cholinergic drug. The nurse expects to administer which drug as an antidote?

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During a routine appointment, a patient with a history of seizures is found to have a phenytoin level of 23 mcg/mL. What concern will the nurse have, if any?