A nurse is teaching a patient who has schizophrenia strategies to cope with anticholinergic effects of fluphenazine. Which of the following should the nurse suggest to the patient to minimize anticholinergic effects?

Take the medication in the morning to prevent insomnia.

Use cooling measures to decrease fever.

Chew sugarless gum to moisten the mouth.

Take an antacid to relieve nausea.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Take the medication in the morning to prevent insomnia: This instruction is not directly

related to minimizing anticholinergic effects; it's more about managing the timing of medication administration.
B.   Use cooling measures to decrease fever: Anticholinergic effects do not typically cause fever, so this instruction is not relevant.
C.   Chew sugarless gum to moisten the mouth: Anticholinergic medications can cause dry mouth (xerostomia), and chewing gum can stimulate saliva production, alleviating this side effect.
D.   Take an antacid to relieve nausea: Anticholinergic effects can include nausea, but taking an antacid is not a specific strategy for managing this side effect.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

A. Constipation is a common adverse effect of opioid medications, including hydrocodone.

Opioids can slow down bowel motility, leading to constipation.

B. Lightheadedness is a common side effect of opioids, particularly when a patient first starts

taking them or when the dose is increased. It can be due to the central nervous system depressant effects of the medication.
C. Pain relief is the therapeutic effect of acetaminophen/hydrocodone, not an adverse effect.

D. Urinary retention can occur with opioid use due to their effects on the urinary sphincters and bladder muscle tone. Patients may experience difficulty urinating or incomplete emptying of the bladder.
E. Diarrhea is not a common adverse effect of acetaminophen/hydrocodone. In fact, opioids more commonly cause constipation rather than diarrhea.

A. Oral contraceptives B. Antihistamines C. Warfarin D. Opioids E. Diuretics

Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Oral contraceptives: Phenobarbital can decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives, increasing the risk of contraceptive failure and unintended pregnancy.
B. Antihistamines: While phenobarbital can induce hepatic enzymes, leading to increased

metabolism of some antihistamines, this interaction is less clinically significant compared to the interactions with oral contraceptives, opioids, and diuretics.
C. Warfarin: Phenobarbital can induce the metabolism of warfarin, potentially reducing its anticoagulant effects and necessitating closer monitoring of international normalized ratio (INR) levels.
D. Opioids: Phenobarbital can increase the metabolism of opioids, leading to reduced analgesic effects and potentially causing inadequate pain control.

E. Diuretics: Phenobarbital can accelerate the metabolism of diuretics, potentially reducing their efficacy and necessitating adjustments in dosage or monitoring of electrolyte levels.

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A nurse is teaching a patient who has schizophrenia strategies to cope with anticholinergic effects of fluphenazine. Which of the following should the nurse suggest to the patient to minimize anticholinergic effects?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The opioid acetaminophen/hydrocodone is prescribed for a patient who has had surgery. The nurse informs the patient that which common adverse effects can occur with this medication? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

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