A patient has been taking ergotamine to relieve their migraines. Which of the following adverse effects would indicate to the nurse that the drug may have entered into toxic levels?

Diarrhea

Delirium

Hypotension

Bradycardia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Diarrhea is not typically associated with ergotamine toxicity. Gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and vomiting are more common adverse effects of ergotamine use.
B.   Delirium is a potential sign of ergotamine toxicity. At toxic levels, ergotamine can cause central nervous system symptoms such as confusion, hallucinations, and delirium.
C.   Hypotension may occur as an adverse effect of ergotamine due to its vasoconstrictive properties. However, hypotension alone may not indicate ergotamine toxicity.
D.   Bradycardia is not a typical adverse effect of ergotamine. Ergotamine is more commonly associated with vasoconstriction and can lead to hypertension or tachycardia rather than bradycardia.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C"]

Explanation

A. Increased heart rate: Sympathetic nervous system stimulation typically leads to increased heart rate as part of the "fight or flight" response.
B. Decrease in urinary bladder muscle tone: Sympathetic stimulation would typically cause relaxation of the urinary bladder, leading to increased muscle tone.
C. Increased blood pressure: Sympathetic nervous system activation results in vasoconstriction and increased cardiac output, leading to elevated blood pressure.
D. Decreased salivation: Sympathetic stimulation can lead to decreased salivation as part of the "fight or flight" response, but it's not a consistent finding.
E. Decreased bowel sounds: Sympathetic activation can inhibit gastrointestinal motility, leading to decreased bowel sounds, but it's not a universal finding in sympathetic stimulation.

A. Dantrolene injection, a skeletal muscle relaxant B. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and intubation C. An anticholinesterase drug, such as neostigmine D. Naltrexone hydrochloride injection, an opioid reversal drug

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Dantrolene injection, a skeletal muscle relaxant: The patient is exhibiting signs of malignant hyperthermia, a potentially life-threatening complication of anesthesia. Dantrolene is the primary treatment for malignant hyperthermia as it acts as a skeletal muscle relaxant, reducing muscle rigidity and hypermetabolism associated with the condition.
B. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and intubation: While the patient is experiencing significant physiological distress, initiating CPR and intubation would be premature without first addressing the underlying cause, which appears to be malignant hyperthermia.
C. An anticholinesterase drug, such as neostigmine: Anticholinesterase drugs like neostigmine are not indicated for the treatment of malignant hyperthermia.
D. Naltrexone hydrochloride injection, an opioid reversal drug: Naltrexone is used for opioid overdose reversal and is not appropriate for the treatment of malignant hyperthermia.

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A patient has been taking ergotamine to relieve their migraines. Which of the following adverse effects would indicate to the nurse that the drug may have entered into toxic levels?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a client experiencing sympathetic nervous system stimulation. What assessment finding supports this diagnosis? Select all that apply. (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","C"]

Explanation

During the immediate postoperative period, the Post Anesthesia Care Unit nurse is assessing a patient who had hip surgery. The patient is experiencing tachycardia, tachypnea, and muscle rigidity, and his temperature is 103°F (39.4°C). The nurse will prepare for what immediate treatment?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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