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The nurse is reviewing the use of central nervous system stimulants. Which of these are indications for this class of drugs? (Select all that apply.)

A.

(Select All that Apply.)

B.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

C.

Panic attacks

D.

Narcolepsy

E.

Neonatal apnea

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,E

A.    Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) - Correct. CNS stimulants like

methylphenidate and amphetamine derivatives are commonly used to treat ADHD by improving attention, focus, and impulse control.


B.    Panic attacks - Incorrect. CNS stimulants are not typically used to treat panic attacks.

Medications such as benzodiazepines or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are more commonly used for panic disorder.


C.    Narcolepsy - Correct. CNS stimulants are used to treat narcolepsy, a sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and sudden attacks of sleep.


D.    Neonatal apnea - Incorrect. CNS stimulants are not indicated for neonatal apnea.

Management of neonatal apnea usually involves supportive measures, respiratory support, and caffeine citrate as a respiratory stimulant.
 


E.    Obesity - Correct. CNS stimulants like phentermine are sometimes used as adjuncts to diet and exercise for short-term management of obesity
 


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Dantrolene injection, a skeletal muscle relaxant: The patient is exhibiting signs of malignant hyperthermia, a potentially life-threatening complication of anesthesia. Dantrolene is the primary treatment for malignant hyperthermia as it acts as a skeletal muscle relaxant, reducing muscle rigidity and hypermetabolism associated with the condition.
B. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and intubation: While the patient is experiencing significant physiological distress, initiating CPR and intubation would be premature without first addressing the underlying cause, which appears to be malignant hyperthermia.
C. An anticholinesterase drug, such as neostigmine: Anticholinesterase drugs like neostigmine are not indicated for the treatment of malignant hyperthermia.
D. Naltrexone hydrochloride injection, an opioid reversal drug: Naltrexone is used for opioid overdose reversal and is not appropriate for the treatment of malignant hyperthermia.

Correct Answer is ["0.6"]

Explanation

To find out how many milliliters (mL) of methylnaltrexone should be administered to achieve a dose of 12 mg, we need to set up a proportion based on the available concentration.

Given:

  • Methylnaltrexone concentration: 8 mg per 0.4 mL
  • Desired dose: 12 mg

We can set up the proportion as follows:

8 /0.4 = 12 / x

Where ( x ) is the unknown amount of methylnaltrexone in milliliters.

To solve for ( x ), we can cross multiply and then divide:

8x = 0.4 12

8x = 4.8

x = 4.8/8

x = 0.6

Therefore, the nurse should administer 0.6 mL of methylnaltrexone.

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