The nurse is reviewing the use of central nervous system stimulants. Which of these are indications for this class of drugs? (Select all that apply.)

(Select All that Apply.)

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Panic attacks

Narcolepsy

Neonatal apnea

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,E

A. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) - Correct. CNS stimulants like

methylphenidate and amphetamine derivatives are commonly used to treat ADHD by improving attention, focus, and impulse control.

B. Panic attacks - Incorrect. CNS stimulants are not typically used to treat panic attacks.

Medications such as benzodiazepines or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are more commonly used for panic disorder.

C. Narcolepsy - Correct. CNS stimulants are used to treat narcolepsy, a sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and sudden attacks of sleep.

D. Neonatal apnea - Incorrect. CNS stimulants are not indicated for neonatal apnea.

Management of neonatal apnea usually involves supportive measures, respiratory support, and caffeine citrate as a respiratory stimulant.

E. Obesity - Correct. CNS stimulants like phentermine are sometimes used as adjuncts to diet and exercise for short-term management of obesity

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

A. Constipation is a common adverse effect of opioid medications, including hydrocodone.

Opioids can slow down bowel motility, leading to constipation.

B. Lightheadedness is a common side effect of opioids, particularly when a patient first starts

taking them or when the dose is increased. It can be due to the central nervous system depressant effects of the medication.
C. Pain relief is the therapeutic effect of acetaminophen/hydrocodone, not an adverse effect.

D. Urinary retention can occur with opioid use due to their effects on the urinary sphincters and bladder muscle tone. Patients may experience difficulty urinating or incomplete emptying of the bladder.
E. Diarrhea is not a common adverse effect of acetaminophen/hydrocodone. In fact, opioids more commonly cause constipation rather than diarrhea.

A. Fever B. Intractable hiccups C. Excessive salivation D. Extrapyramidal symptoms

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Fever: Fever is not a common adverse effect of haloperidol.

B. Intractable hiccups: While hiccups can occur as a side effect of some medications, they are not a commonly reported adverse effect of haloperidol.
C. Excessive salivation: Excessive salivation is not a typical adverse effect of haloperidol.

D. Extrapyramidal symptoms: Haloperidol, as a first-generation antipsychotic, is known to cause extrapyramidal symptoms such as dystonia, akathisia, parkinsonism, and tardive dyskinesia. Monitoring for these adverse effects is essential during treatment with haloperidol.

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The nurse is reviewing the use of central nervous system stimulants. Which of these are indications for this class of drugs? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The opioid acetaminophen/hydrocodone is prescribed for a patient who has had surgery. The nurse informs the patient that which common adverse effects can occur with this medication? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has schizophrenia and is taking haloperidol. The nurse should monitor for which of the following adverse effects of haloperidol?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A patient in a rehabilitation center is beginning to experience opioid withdrawal symptoms. The nurse expects to administer which drug as part of the treatment?

A patient is experiencing status epilepticus. The nurse prepares to give which drug of choice for the treatment of this condition?

A 29-year-old patient is admitted to the intensive care unit with the following symptoms: restlessness, hyperactive reflexes, talkativeness, confusion and periods of panic, and tachycardia. The nurse suspects that he may be experiencing the effects of taking which substance?

A patient had abdominal surgery this morning. The patient is groggy but complaining of severe pain around the incision. What is the most important assessment data to consider before the nurse administers a dose of morphine sulfate to the patient?

A patient has been given a prescription for levodopa-carbidopa for a new diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. The patient asks the nurse, "Why are there two drugs in this pill?" The nurse's best response reflects which fact?

Before administering a client's prescribed nonselective adrenergic blocker, what should the nurse assess?

A nurse is preparing to administer meperidine 35 mg IM to a client every 6 hr PRN for pain. Available is meperidine injection 75 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)