The nurse is reviewing the use of central nervous system stimulants. Which of these are indications for this class of drugs? (Select all that apply.)
(Select All that Apply.)
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Panic attacks
Narcolepsy
Neonatal apnea
Correct Answer : A,C,E
A. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) - Correct. CNS stimulants like
methylphenidate and amphetamine derivatives are commonly used to treat ADHD by improving attention, focus, and impulse control.
B. Panic attacks - Incorrect. CNS stimulants are not typically used to treat panic attacks.
Medications such as benzodiazepines or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are more commonly used for panic disorder.
C. Narcolepsy - Correct. CNS stimulants are used to treat narcolepsy, a sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and sudden attacks of sleep.
D. Neonatal apnea - Incorrect. CNS stimulants are not indicated for neonatal apnea.
Management of neonatal apnea usually involves supportive measures, respiratory support, and caffeine citrate as a respiratory stimulant.
E. Obesity - Correct. CNS stimulants like phentermine are sometimes used as adjuncts to diet and exercise for short-term management of obesity
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Signs of bone marrow depression are not typically associated with antiepileptic drugs. This adverse effect is more commonly seen with medications such as chemotherapy agents.
B. Increased risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors is a well-documented concern with antiepileptic drugs, particularly when used for psychiatric indications or in certain patient populations. The FDA has issued warnings regarding this risk, and healthcare providers should monitor patients for changes in mood, behavior, and suicidal ideation.
C. While some antiepileptic drugs may have cardiovascular effects, such as prolongation of the QT interval, the FDA warning specifically highlights the risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors rather than cardiovascular events like strokes.
D. Indications of drug addiction and dependency are not typically associated with antiepileptic drugs. These medications are not central nervous system depressants and do not produce the euphoria or withdrawal symptoms characteristic of addictive substances.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The drug level is at a toxic level, and the dosage needs to be reduced. Phenytoin has a narrow therapeutic range, and levels above 20 mcg/mL are considered to be in the toxic range.
Symptoms of phenytoin toxicity can include nystagmus, ataxia, slurred speech, and confusion. Therefore, if a patient's phenytoin level is 23 mcg/mL, the nurse should be concerned about potential toxicity and consult with the healthcare provider to adjust the dosage.
B. The patient's seizures should be under control if she is also taking a second antiepileptic drug.
While combination therapy with multiple antiepileptic drugs can help control seizures, a phenytoin level of 23 mcg/mL is still concerning for toxicity and requires intervention.
C. The patient is at risk for seizures because the drug level is not at a therapeutic level. A phenytoin level of 23 mcg/mL is actually above the therapeutic range and is more indicative of toxicity rather than subtherapeutic levels.
D. The patient's seizures should be under control because this is a therapeutic drug level. A phenytoin level of 23 mcg/mL is not within the therapeutic range but rather in the toxic range, so the patient may experience symptoms of toxicity rather than having adequate seizure control.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today