A 73-year-old male with Parkinson's disease, emphysema, and benign prostatic hyperplasia presents to the clinic for routine care. Following detailed assessment, the provider has prescribed an anticholinergic drug for the client. What is the nurse's priority teaching point to the client in regard to his new medication?

Do slow position changes to avoid falls from lowering blood pressure."

if you feel short of breath, use a rescue inhaler.

"If possible, try to avoid rooms that are cold."

"Make sure to seek care immediately if you're not able to urinate."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   Do slow position changes to avoid falls from lowering blood pressure: This is not the priority teaching point for an anticholinergic medication. While some anticholinergics can cause orthostatic hypotension, the risk of urinary retention is a more significant concern.
B.   If you feel short of breath, use a rescue inhaler: This instruction is unrelated to the use of anticholinergic medication and may be more relevant for patients with emphysema.
C.   "If possible, try to avoid rooms that are cold.": Avoiding cold rooms is not directly related to the use of anticholinergic medication. The priority teaching point should address potential adverse effects specific to the medication.
D.   "Make sure to seek care immediately if you're not able to urinate.": Anticholinergic medications can exacerbate urinary retention, particularly in older adults with benign prostatic hyperplasia. It's crucial for the patient to understand the importance of seeking medical attention if they experience difficulty urinating.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Improved ability to perform activities of daily living: Antiparkinson medications are aimed at improving motor symptoms such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia, leading to improved function in activities of daily living.
B. Decreased appetite: Decreased appetite is not a therapeutic response to antiparkinson medications. In fact, some medications may cause weight gain due to increased appetite.
C. Newly developed dyskinesias: Dyskinesias are involuntary movements that can occur as a side effect of long-term treatment with antiparkinson medications, particularly levodopa. They are not a therapeutic response and may require adjustments to medication.
D. Gradual development of cogwheel rigidity: Cogwheel rigidity is a symptom of Parkinson's disease and would not be expected to develop gradually with treatment. Antiparkinson
medications aim to reduce rigidity, not cause it.

A. The last dose of medication should be given 4 to 6 hours before bedtime to diminish insomnia. B. The medication should be taken with meals for optimal absorption. C. The medication should not be taken until he is at school. D. She is giving him the medication dosage appropriately.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The last dose of medication should be given 4 to 6 hours before bedtime to diminish insomnia: Methylphenidate is a stimulant medication commonly used to treat ADHD.
Administering it at bedtime may interfere with sleep onset and lead to insomnia. It's important to follow the prescribed dosing schedule to optimize symptom control during waking hours while minimizing adverse effects on sleep.
B. The medication should be taken with meals for optimal absorption: While taking

methylphenidate with meals may help reduce gastrointestinal side effects, the timing of administration relative to bedtime is more relevant to address in this scenario.
C. The medication should not be taken until he is at school: Delaying medication until the child is at school may result in inadequate symptom control during the morning when ADHD
symptoms are often most problematic.

D. She is giving him the medication dosage appropriately: Administering methylphenidate at bedtime is not appropriate and may lead to insomnia rather than optimizing symptom control during the day.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient has been treated with antiparkinson medications for 3 months. What therapeutic responses should the nurse look for when assessing this patient?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A patient had abdominal surgery this morning. The patient is groggy but complaining of severe pain around the incision. What is the most important assessment data to consider before the nurse administers a dose of morphine sulfate to the patient?

The nurse is reviewing the food choices of a patient who is taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). Which food choice would indicate the need for additional teaching?

A nurse is caring for a client who has schizophrenia and is taking haloperidol. The nurse should monitor for which of the following adverse effects of haloperidol?

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. On which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to instruct the client?

When monitoring a patient who is taking a cholinergic drug, the nurse will watch for which cardiovascular effect?

When a patient is taking an anticholinergic such as benztropine as part of the treatment for Parkinson's disease, the nurse should include which information in the teaching plan?

During a routine appointment, a patient with a history of seizures is found to have a phenytoin level of 23 mcg/mL. What concern will the nurse have, if any?

A nurse is preparing to administer meperidine 35 mg IM to a client every 6 hr PRN for pain. Available is meperidine injection 75 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)