A patient has been diagnosed with ulcerative colitis (UC) for several years. Which assessment finding would alert the nurse of a potential complication from UC?

Moist mucous membranes and good skin turgor

Recent diagnosis of UC in a sibling

Occasional episodes of hematochezia.

A report of stool leaking from the patient's vagina.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Several episodes of black and tarry stools: This indicates melena, which is typically associated with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, not specifically Crohn's disease.

B. Several episodes of hematochezia per day: Hematochezia (fresh blood in stools) can occur in Crohn's disease due to inflammation and ulceration in the intestines.

C. Post-alcohol ingestion epigastric pain: This is more commonly associated with gastritis or peptic ulcer disease, not Crohn's disease.

D. An oral temperature of 102°F: While fever can occur in Crohn's disease during acute flare-ups, it is not a specific or definitive symptom of the condition. The primary symptoms are gastrointestinal in nature, such as abdominal pain and altered bowel habits.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Steroid injections will be administered daily: This is incorrect; steroid therapy may exacerbate Cushing's disease. The condition is often due to excessive production of cortisol, not a deficiency.

B. Weight gain and edema are present: Hyperaldosteronism, often associated with Cushing's syndrome, leads to sodium and water retention, resulting in weight gain and edema.

C. Painful leg cramps are common from hyperkalemia: Hyperaldosteronism typically causes hypokalemia, not hyperkalemia, leading to muscle cramps, not leg pain from hyperkalemia.

D. Decreased amount of body hair is frequently seen: Cushing's disease often leads to hirsutism (increased body hair), not a decrease.

A. There is an imbalance between formation of new bone and the resorption of existing bone. B. An Invasion of a pathogen leads to infection: causing destruction and weakening of the bone. C. A decrease in blood supply to the bone results in bony necrosis or the death of bone cells. D. Increased amounts of estrogen in postmenopausal women contribute to bone loss.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. There is an imbalance between the formation of new bone and the resorption of existing bone: Osteoporosis occurs when bone resorption outpaces bone formation, leading to decreased bone density and increased susceptibility to fractures.

B. An invasion of a pathogen leads to infection, causing destruction and weakening of the bone: This describes osteomyelitis, a bone infection, not osteoporosis.

C. A decrease in blood supply to the bone results in bony necrosis or the death of bone cells: This describes avascular necrosis, not osteoporosis.

D. Increased amounts of estrogen in postmenopausal women contribute to bone loss: In fact, decreased estrogen levels after menopause contribute to bone loss and osteoporosis.

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A patient has been diagnosed with ulcerative colitis (UC) for several years. Which assessment finding would alert the nurse of a potential complication from UC?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient is diagnosed with Cushing's disease. Which statement about hyperaldosteronism is correct?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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