A patient has been diagnosed with ulcerative colitis (UC) for several years. Which assessment finding would alert the nurse of a potential complication from UC?
Moist mucous membranes and good skin turgor
Recent diagnosis of UC in a sibling
Occasional episodes of hematochezia.
A report of stool leaking from the patient's vagina.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Several episodes of black and tarry stools: This indicates melena, which is typically associated with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, not specifically Crohn's disease.
B. Several episodes of hematochezia per day: Hematochezia (fresh blood in stools) can occur in Crohn's disease due to inflammation and ulceration in the intestines.
C. Post-alcohol ingestion epigastric pain: This is more commonly associated with gastritis or peptic ulcer disease, not Crohn's disease.
D. An oral temperature of 102°F: While fever can occur in Crohn's disease during acute flare-ups, it is not a specific or definitive symptom of the condition. The primary symptoms are gastrointestinal in nature, such as abdominal pain and altered bowel habits.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. The brain cells became edematous because of a blood to tissue shift of fluid: This describes cerebral edema, which is not typically caused by hyperglycemia.
B. Hyperinsulinemia caused hypoglycemia and a tonic-clonic seizure: The scenario describes hyperglycemia, not hypoglycemia.
C. The brain cells became dehydrated because of fluid shifting out of the cells:. In hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome (HHS), extremely high blood glucose leads to increased serum osmolality, causing water to move out of brain cells, leading to dehydration and altered consciousness.
D. Fluid volume overload caused higher pressure in the brain tissue: Fluid volume overload is not the primary issue in this scenario; rather, dehydration is the concern due to hyperglycemia.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Manifests as neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques that cause a disruption of brain impulses: Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain, leading to disrupted neural communication.
B. Is an inherited disorder that, most often, begins before the age of fifty: While there are inherited forms of Alzheimer's (early-onset), most cases are sporadic and occur after age 65.
C. Can be caused by increased cerebral levels of acetylcholine: Alzheimer's disease is associated with decreased levels of acetylcholine, not increased levels.
D. Causes unusual sensory sensations such as numbness and shooting pain (paresthesia): Paresthesia is not a typical symptom of Alzheimer's disease; it is more related to neurological or peripheral nerve disorders.
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