A patient has been diagnosed with ulcerative colitis (UC) for several years. Which assessment finding would alert the nurse of a potential complication from UC?
Moist mucous membranes and good skin turgor
Recent diagnosis of UC in a sibling
Occasional episodes of hematochezia.
A report of stool leaking from the patient's vagina.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Several episodes of black and tarry stools: This indicates melena, which is typically associated with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, not specifically Crohn's disease.
B. Several episodes of hematochezia per day: Hematochezia (fresh blood in stools) can occur in Crohn's disease due to inflammation and ulceration in the intestines.
C. Post-alcohol ingestion epigastric pain: This is more commonly associated with gastritis or peptic ulcer disease, not Crohn's disease.
D. An oral temperature of 102°F: While fever can occur in Crohn's disease during acute flare-ups, it is not a specific or definitive symptom of the condition. The primary symptoms are gastrointestinal in nature, such as abdominal pain and altered bowel habits.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. High unconjugated, low direct: In liver disease, both conjugated (direct) and unconjugated bilirubin levels are typically elevated.
B. High conjugated, high direct: In cirrhosis and alcoholic liver disease, the liver's ability to process bilirubin is impaired, leading to elevated levels of both conjugated (direct) and unconjugated bilirubin, causing jaundice.
C. High direct, high unconjugated: Both direct (conjugated) and unconjugated bilirubin levels are elevated, but this does not clarify the direct relationship with jaundice.
D. Low indirect, normal unconjugated: In liver disease, bilirubin levels are elevated, not low or normal.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
26. A patient is admitted to the emergency department (ED) following an overdose of acetaminophen (Tylenol) and is diagnosed with cirrhosis. Which laboratory finding is consistent with the diagnosis?
- elevated serum protein hyperproteinemia
- decreased serum liver enzymes (ALT).
- elevated number of platelets thrombocytosis)
- decreased level of clotting factors.
Correct answer:
A. Elevated serum protein hyperproteinemia: In cirrhosis, serum protein levels, particularly albumin, are often decreased due to impaired liver synthesis.
B. Decreased serum liver enzymes (ALT): In cirrhosis, liver enzyme levels such as ALT (alanine aminotransferase) are typically elevated due to liver damage and inflammation.
C. Elevated number of platelets (thrombocytosis): Cirrhosis often leads to thrombocytopenia (decreased platelet count) due to splenomegaly and decreased production of thrombopoietin.
D. Decreased level of clotting factors: The liver synthesizes most clotting factors, and in cirrhosis, the production of these factors is impaired, leading to decreased levels and increased bleeding risk.
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