A young boy is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of new onset type I diabetes mellitus. As the registered nurse prepares to administer insulin, the child's mother asks why he can't just "take a pill. Which response, by the nurse, explains the rationale for an injection of insulin?

His body does not produce any insulin so he must receive insulin injections

"The pills are not as effective as the insulin injections."

"He will only be on insulin injections for a short while, then he can take a pill

"He can stop the insulin injections once his body begins to make insulin again.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. His body does not produce any insulin so he must receive insulin injections: Type I diabetes is characterized by the destruction of pancreatic beta cells, resulting in little to no insulin production. Therefore, insulin must be administered via injection to replace the insulin the body cannot produce.

B. The pills are not as effective as the insulin injections: While this might be partially true for Type I diabetes, it is not the complete answer. Oral medications are generally not effective in Type I diabetes because they stimulate the pancreas to produce insulin, which is not possible in these patients.

C. He will only be on insulin injections for a short while, then he can take a pill: This is incorrect. Type I diabetes requires lifelong insulin therapy.

D. He can stop the insulin injections once his body begins to make insulin again: This is incorrect as Type I diabetes is a permanent condition where the body cannot produce insulin.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Elevating the head of the bed promotes venous return and helps increase the ICP: This is incorrect. Elevation of the head of the bed helps to decrease intracranial pressure (ICP) by promoting venous drainage rather than increasing it.

B. Elevation of the head of the bed aids in maintaining cerebral perfusion: Elevating the head of the bed helps to decrease ICP, which in turn aids in maintaining adequate cerebral perfusion pressure.

C. Elevation of the head of the bed will increase intracranial pressure (ICP): This is incorrect. Elevation of the head of the bed is intended to reduce ICP, not increase it.

D. The nurse should keep the head of the bed flat to ensure adequate arterial circulation: This is incorrect. Keeping the head of the bed flat can increase ICP, which is counterproductive in managing intracranial pressure.

A. "You have irreparably damaged your liver, there is no available treatment at this time." B. "A vaccine could have prevented this illness but a full recovery typically occurs with HAV.” C. "You likely came in contact with HAV infected blood to have contracted this disease." D. "Expect to feel better in about a month but expect to have the symptoms for life."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "You have irreparably damaged your liver, there is no available treatment at this time.": Hepatitis A is usually a self-limiting illness with full recovery, and the liver often heals completely.

B. "A vaccine could have prevented this illness but a full recovery typically occurs with HAV.”: Hepatitis A can be prevented by vaccination, and most people recover fully without lasting liver damage.

C. "You likely came in contact with HAV-infected blood to have contracted this disease.": Hepatitis A is transmitted primarily through the fecal-oral route, not through blood contact.

D. "Expect to feel better in about a month but expect to have the symptoms for life.": While symptoms can last for several weeks to months, they do not persist for life in hepatitis A infections.

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A young boy is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of new onset type I diabetes mellitus. As the registered nurse prepares to administer insulin, the child's mother asks why he can't just "take a pill. Which response, by the nurse, explains the rationale for an injection of insulin?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient is admitted to the ED (emergency department) with an intracranial problem. Upon arrival the RN (registered nurse) immediately ensures that the head of the bed is elevated at 35 degrees. Identify the pathophysiological rational for this intervention?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A patient presents to the emergency department (ED) with malaise, nausea and "yellow eyes." A diagnosis of hepatitis A (HAV) is confirmed. Which statement, by the registered nurse (RN), indicates an understanding of this illness?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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