Which response best connects the pathology of myasthenia gravis with its signs and symptoms (S&S)?

A sudden, explosive, disorderly charge of neurons causes a transient aberration in brain function

Loss of the myelin sheath surrounding peripheral nerves causes asymmetric weakness

Destruction of acetylcholine receptors causes muscle weakness with prolonged activity.

A bacterial inflammatory illness that causes headache and photophobia.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. A sudden, explosive, disorderly charge of neurons causes a transient aberration in brain function: This describes the pathophysiology of seizures, not myasthenia gravis.

B. Loss of the myelin sheath surrounding peripheral nerves causes asymmetric weakness: This describes multiple sclerosis, not myasthenia gravis.

C. Destruction of acetylcholine receptors causes muscle weakness with prolonged activity: Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease where antibodies attack acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction, leading to muscle weakness, especially after repeated use.

D. A bacterial inflammatory illness that causes headache and photophobia: This describes meningitis, not myasthenia gravis.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. His body does not produce any insulin so he must receive insulin injections: Type I diabetes is characterized by the destruction of pancreatic beta cells, resulting in little to no insulin production. Therefore, insulin must be administered via injection to replace the insulin the body cannot produce.

B. The pills are not as effective as the insulin injections: While this might be partially true for Type I diabetes, it is not the complete answer. Oral medications are generally not effective in Type I diabetes because they stimulate the pancreas to produce insulin, which is not possible in these patients.

C. He will only be on insulin injections for a short while, then he can take a pill: This is incorrect. Type I diabetes requires lifelong insulin therapy.

D. He can stop the insulin injections once his body begins to make insulin again: This is incorrect as Type I diabetes is a permanent condition where the body cannot produce insulin.

A. The brain cells became edematous because of a blood to tissue shift of fluid. B. Hyperinsulinemia caused hypoglycemia and a tonic clonic seizure. C. The brain cells became dehydrated because of fluid shirting out of the cells. D. Fluid volume overload caused higher pressure in the brain tissue

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The brain cells became edematous because of a blood to tissue shift of fluid: This describes cerebral edema, which is not typically caused by hyperglycemia.

B. Hyperinsulinemia caused hypoglycemia and a tonic-clonic seizure: The scenario describes hyperglycemia, not hypoglycemia.

C. The brain cells became dehydrated because of fluid shifting out of the cells:. In hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome (HHS), extremely high blood glucose leads to increased serum osmolality, causing water to move out of brain cells, leading to dehydration and altered consciousness.

D. Fluid volume overload caused higher pressure in the brain tissue: Fluid volume overload is not the primary issue in this scenario; rather, dehydration is the concern due to hyperglycemia.

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Which response best connects the pathology of myasthenia gravis with its signs and symptoms (S&S)?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

An elderly patient is hospitalized with several problems. His medical history includes uncontrolled hypertension and Type II diabetes mellitus (DM). A HbA1c is measured This laboratory test measures the

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A patient with diabetes mellitus (DM) developed a serum glucose of 900 and an elevated serum osmolality. The patient then became unconscious. What pathological process most likely caused the altered neurologic status?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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