An elderly patient is hospitalized with several problems. His medical history includes uncontrolled hypertension and Type II diabetes mellitus (DM). A HbA1c is measured This laboratory test measures the
percentage of glycosylated hemoglobin molecules that spill into the urine.
percentage of glycosylated hemoglobin molecules carried by RBCs.
effect of hypertension on RBCs over a long period of time.
effect of insulin on the ability of hemoglobin to bond with glucose.
effect of insulin on the ability of hemoglobin to bond with glucose.
The Correct Answer is B
A. His body does not produce any insulin so he must receive insulin injections: Type I diabetes is characterized by the destruction of pancreatic beta cells, resulting in little to no insulin production. Therefore, insulin must be administered via injection to replace the insulin the body cannot produce.
B. The pills are not as effective as the insulin injections: While this might be partially true for Type I diabetes, it is not the complete answer. Oral medications are generally not effective in Type I diabetes because they stimulate the pancreas to produce insulin, which is not possible in these patients.
C. He will only be on insulin injections for a short while, then he can take a pill: This is incorrect. Type I diabetes requires lifelong insulin therapy.
D. He can stop the insulin injections once his body begins to make insulin again: This is incorrect as Type I diabetes is a permanent condition where the body cannot produce insulin.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Puffy appearance associated with hypersecretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH): This describes the appearance associated with SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion), not myxedema.
B. Tissue puffiness associated with hypothyroidism: Myxedema is a condition related to severe hypothyroidism, characterized by swelling of the skin and underlying tissues, giving a puffy appearance, especially in the face.
C. Proliferation of tissue behind the eyes that is common in hyperthyroidism: This describes exophthalmos, a condition often seen in Graves' disease, which is associated with hyperthyroidism, not myxedema.
D. State of increased cerebral edema the morning after a college party: This choice is incorrect and unrelated to the description of myxedema.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Manifests as neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques that cause a disruption of brain impulses: Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain, leading to disrupted neural communication.
B. Is an inherited disorder that, most often, begins before the age of fifty: While there are inherited forms of Alzheimer's (early-onset), most cases are sporadic and occur after age 65.
C. Can be caused by increased cerebral levels of acetylcholine: Alzheimer's disease is associated with decreased levels of acetylcholine, not increased levels.
D. Causes unusual sensory sensations such as numbness and shooting pain (paresthesia): Paresthesia is not a typical symptom of Alzheimer's disease; it is more related to neurological or peripheral nerve disorders.
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