Which of the following symptoms might indicate that the patient is now experiencing a thyrotoxic crisis following the diagnosis of Graves' disease?

Decreased respirations and CO2 retention

Seizures and extreme tachycardia

Constipation and a swollen abdomen

Hypotension and bradycardia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Decreased respirations and CO2 retention: A thyrotoxic crisis (thyroid storm) typically involves increased, not decreased, respiratory rates and CO2 retention due to increased metabolic activity.

B. Seizures and extreme tachycardia: Thyrotoxic crisis is characterized by severe symptoms including extreme tachycardia, fever, and potentially seizures due to excessive thyroid hormone levels.

C. Constipation and a swollen abdomen: Constipation and abdominal swelling are more typical of hypothyroidism rather than a thyrotoxic crisis.

D. Hypotension and bradycardia: Thyrotoxic crisis usually causes tachycardia and hypertension rather than bradycardia and hypotension.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The patient is now sleepy and won't wake up: Increased drowsiness or difficulty waking up could indicate worsening of the hemorrhagic stroke, potentially due to increased intracranial pressure or a secondary brain injury.

B. Identification of an elevated serum cholesterol level: Elevated cholesterol is a risk factor for ischemic strokes but is not a direct indicator of complications from a hemorrhagic stroke.

C. The presence of nausea and a headache: This could be a common symptom following a hemorrhagic stroke but is not necessarily a specific indicator of a complication.

D. A complaint of neck pain and light intolerance: These symptoms are less specific to complications of a hemorrhagic stroke and could be related to other issues.

A. The disease is prevalent in certain geographical locations. B. There is a well-defined genetic cause. C. Inflammatory processes are responsible for the signs and symptoms. D. Ischemic lesions in the brain are responsible for the signs and symptoms.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The disease is prevalent in certain geographical locations: This statement is true but does not explain the etiology of MS. Geographic prevalence does not address the underlying cause.

B. There is a well-defined genetic cause: While genetics may play a role in MS, there is no single well-defined genetic cause for the disease.

C. Inflammatory processes are responsible for the signs and symptoms: MS is an autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation and demyelination of the central nervous system, leading to the signs and symptoms of the disease.

D. Ischemic lesions in the brain are responsible for the signs and symptoms: MS is primarily caused by demyelination rather than ischemic lesions.

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