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Which factor is linked to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

A.

Obesity, age over 40 and female gender.

B.

Accelerated gastric emptying

C.

Incompetent rectal sphincter

D.

Drinking 12 cans of beer per day.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Obesity, age over 40, and female gender: While obesity and age can be risk factors for GERD, gender alone is not a significant factor. Excessive alcohol consumption, as indicated in option D, is a stronger link to GERD.

B. Accelerated gastric emptying: This is incorrect. GERD is more commonly associated with delayed gastric emptying or increased acid production rather than accelerated gastric emptying.

C. Incompetent rectal sphincter: This is incorrect. GERD is associated with an incompetent lower esophageal sphincter, not the rectal sphincter.

D. Drinking 12 cans of beer per day: Excessive alcohol consumption can relax the lower esophageal sphincter and increase the risk of GERD by allowing stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Non-bloody diarrhea with abdominal cramps: These symptoms are not typical of pancreatitis. They are more common in gastrointestinal infections or irritable bowel syndrome.

B. Belching and burping within one hour after eating: These symptoms are usually associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or dyspepsia, not pancreatitis.

C. Severe epigastric pain that radiates to his back: Severe epigastric pain that radiates to the back is a hallmark symptom of acute pancreatitis.

D. Heartburn that worsens when lying down: This symptom is more characteristic of GERD rather than pancreatitis.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Several episodes of black and tarry stools: This indicates melena, which is typically associated with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, not specifically Crohn's disease.

B. Several episodes of hematochezia per day: Hematochezia (fresh blood in stools) can occur in Crohn's disease due to inflammation and ulceration in the intestines.

C. Post-alcohol ingestion epigastric pain: This is more commonly associated with gastritis or peptic ulcer disease, not Crohn's disease.

D. An oral temperature of 102°F: While fever can occur in Crohn's disease during acute flare-ups, it is not a specific or definitive symptom of the condition. The primary symptoms are gastrointestinal in nature, such as abdominal pain and altered bowel habits.

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