A nurse on an intensive care unit is planning care for a client who has increased intracranial pressure following a head injury. Which of the following IV medications should the nurse plan to administer?

Chlorpromazine

Dobutamine

Mannitol

Propranolol

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

C. Mannitol is a osmotic diuretic that is commonly used in the management of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) following a head injury. It works by drawing fluid out of brain tissue and into the bloodstream, thereby reducing cerebral edema and lowering ICP.
A. Chlorpromazine is an antipsychotic medication that does not have direct effects on reducing ICP and is not commonly used in this clinical scenario.
B. Dobutamine is a medication primarily used for increasing cardiac output in patients with heart failure or shock.
D. Propranolol is a beta-blocker medication commonly used to treat conditions such as hypertension, angina, and certain cardiac arrhythmias.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Initiate IV fluid replacement is the highest priority intervention. HHS is characterized by severe dehydration due to osmotic diuresis resulting from hyperglycemia. IV fluid replacement is essential to correct dehydration and restore intravascular volume, which can help improve tissue perfusion and prevent further complications.
B. Monitoring urinary output is important in assessing renal function and response to fluid replacement therapy. However, it is not the highest priority intervention.
C. While insulin therapy is an essential part of managing hyperglycemia in HHS, it is not the highest priority intervention at the immediate onset of HHS.

D. Patient education about the manifestations and management of HHS is important for long-term management and prevention of recurrence. However, it is not the highest priority when the client is experiencing an acute episode of HHS.

A. Pursue local protective services. B. Take a nonprescription sleeping medication. C. Contact hospice services for end-of-life care. D. Consider respite care services.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. Respite care services provide temporary relief and support for caregivers by offering short-term care for their loved ones. This allows caregivers to take a break, attend to their own needs, and prevent burnout. Recommending respite care services is a proactive approach to addressing the caregiver's exhaustion and ensuring the well-being of both the caregiver and the client with Alzheimer's disease.
A. The caregiver's exhaustion and irritability may be due to the stress of caregiving rather than intentional neglect or abuse.
B. Relying on medication to manage stress and sleep may not be the best long-term solution and can potentially lead to dependence or other adverse effects.
C. Contacting hospice services for end-of-life care is not appropriate for a client with moderate Alzheimer's disease unless the client's condition has progressed to a terminal stage. Hospice care focuses on providing comfort and support for individuals with a terminal illness who have a life expectancy of six months or less.

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A nurse on an intensive care unit is planning care for a client who has increased intracranial pressure following a head injury. Which of the following IV medications should the nurse plan to administer?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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