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A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a client who is receiving treatment for excessive ingestion of antacids. The nurse should identify that this client is at risk for which of the following acid- base imbalances?

A.

Metabolic acidosis

B.

Respiratory alkalosis

C.

Metabolic alkalosis

D.

Respiratory acidosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

C. Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by an increase in serum bicarbonate levels, resulting in an imbalance in the body's acid-base equilibrium towards alkalinity. Excessive ingestion of antacids, particularly those containing bicarbonate or calcium carbonate, can lead to an excessive accumulation of bicarbonate ions in the body, causing metabolic alkalosis.
A. Excessive ingestion of antacids would not typically cause metabolic acidosis because antacids containing bicarbonate or calcium carbonate actually increase bicarbonate levels, leading to alkalosis rather than acidosis.
B. Respiratory alkalosis occurs due to hyperventilation, leading to a decrease in carbon dioxide levels and subsequent alkalosis. Excessive ingestion of antacids is not typically associated with respiratory alkalosis.
 
D. Respiratory acidosis occurs due to hypoventilation, leading to an increase in carbon dioxide levels and subsequent acidosis. Excessive ingestion of antacids is not typically associated with respiratory acidosis.
 


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Regular monitoring of liver function is important while taking isoniazid because the medication can cause liver damage in some individuals.
A. Isoniazid (INH) does not typically affect blood pressure.
B. Antacids can interfere with the absorption of isoniazid, so they should be avoided or taken at least one hour before or two hours after taking isoniazid.
C. Treatment for tuberculosis typically involves taking isoniazid for a minimum of 6 to 9 months, sometimes longer, depending on the severity of the infection

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

C. Suspending the infusion of packed RBCs is essential to prevent further administration of the blood product that may be causing the adverse reaction. Stopping the infusion allows for further assessment and appropriate management of the client's symptoms.
A. The client's symptoms of chills, lower back pain, and nausea suggest a potential transfusion reaction rather than respiratory compromise.
B. Collecting a urine sample may be indicated to assess for hemolysis or kidney injury, which can occur as a result of a transfusion reaction. However, this action can be deferred until after immediate interventions to manage the suspected reaction.
D. While checking the client's vital signs is important in assessing the severity of the reaction and the client's overall condition, it is not the first action to take when a transfusion reaction is suspected.

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