A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving morphine for pain and has a respiratory rate of 8/min and a blood pressure of 80/40 mm Hg. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer?

Naloxone

Protamine sulfate

Acetylcysteine

Flumazenil

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Naloxone is a medication used as an opioid antagonist to reverse the effects of opioid overdose, including respiratory depression and hypotension. In this scenario, the client's symptoms suggest opioid-induced respiratory depression, making naloxone the appropriate choice to reverse the effects of morphine.
B. Protamine sulfate is used to reverse the anticoagulant effects of heparin, not for treating opioid-induced respiratory depression and hypotension.
C. Acetylcysteine is used as an antidote for acetaminophen (paracetamol) overdose, not for treating opioid-induced respiratory depression and hypotension.
D. Flumazenil is a medication used as a benzodiazepine antagonist to reverse the effects of benzodiazepine overdose or sedation.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E","G"]

Explanation

Improvement in blood pressure would suggest better cardiovascular stability

A stable or decreased respiratory rate would indicate improved respiratory function and potentially reduced chest tightness.

An increase in oxygen saturation levels would indicate improved respiratory function and cardiovascular status.

A decrease in pain level would indicate improvement in the chest tightness and radiating pain experienced by the client.

A decrease in heart rate may indicate improved cardiovascular function and reduced stress on the heart.

Urinary output and echocardiogram results are not typically immediate indicators of improvement in the client's condition following an episode of chest tightness and radiating pain.

A. Dextrose 5% in water (DSW) intravenous at 5 ml/kg/hr for 4 hr B. Potassium chloride 20 mEq/L intravenous PRN potassium less than 5.0 mEq/L C. Regular insulin continuous intravenous infusion, titrate per diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) protocol once potassium is greater than 3.3 mEq/L D. Regular insulin 20 units subcutaneously E. Blood glucose checks every 4 hr F. Initiate cardiac monitoring G. Insert indwelling urinary catheter H. 0.9% sodium chloride at 15 ml/kg/hr for 1 hr and then reduce to 10 ml/kg/hr

Correct Answer is ["B","C","F","H"]

Explanation

The client has diabetes ketoacidosis (DKA) as seen in the lab findings. The management of DKA involves fluid rehydration with isotonic crystalloids such as normal saline, glycemic control with intravenous insulin infusion and electrolyte supplementation specifically potassium if it is normal or low.

This is because administration of insulin drives potassium ions into the cells leading to hypokalemia Cardiac monitoring is vital to ensure that any dysrhythmias due to electrolyte disturbances are recognized early.

Blood sugar monitoring should be done more frequently- preferably every 1 hour. Although monitoring of output is key, catheterization is unnecessary when the client is awake.

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A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving morphine for pain and has a respiratory rate of 8/min and a blood pressure of 80/40 mm Hg. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer?

Nursing Test Bank

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