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A nurse is caring for a client in the emergency department.

Exhibits


The nurse is caring for the client in the ED. The nurse understands that the client is at risk of developing which of the following complications? Select all that apply.

A.

Hypotension

B.

Respiratory alkalosis

C.

Septic shock

D.

Cardiac arrhythmias

E.

Renal failure

F.

Cerebral edema

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,D,E,F

A)    DKA can lead to several complications, including hypotension, which is indicated by the client's low blood pressure reading of 96/65 mm Hg.
B)    Respiratory alkalosis is less likely because DKA typically leads to metabolic acidosis, as indicated by the low pH of 7.30.
C)    DKA does not result in septic shock but it instead causes hypovolemic shock in case of severe dehydration.
D)    Cardiac arrhythmias can occur due to the electrolyte imbalances, as evidenced by the high potassium level of 5.5 mEq/L.
E)    Renal failure is another potential complication, suggested by the elevated creatinine level of 1.7 mg/dL. The client's hyperglycemia and dehydration can stress the kidneys, potentially leading to acute kidney injury or renal failure.
F)    Cerebral edema is a less common but severe complication of DKA, especially in children and adolescents, and should be considered given the client's symptoms of frequent urination and extreme thirst. It results from over-hydration of the client.
 


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Distended jugular veins are associated with fluid overload, not dehydration.

B) Pitting, dependent edema is also associated with fluid overload, not dehydration.

C) Decreased blood pressure is a common sign of dehydration due to decreased blood volume.
D) Increased blood pressure is not typically associated with dehydration and may suggest other conditions such as hypertension or fluid overload.

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"B"},"B":{"answers":"C"},"C":{"answers":"C"},"D":{"answers":"B"},"E":{"answers":"C"},"F":{"answers":"A"}}

Explanation

A)    An increase in oxygen saturation to 96% at a reduced oxygen flow rate indicates potential improvement in respiratory function, which can be a positive sign of recovery from a UTI.
B)    Disorientation to person, place, and time suggests a potential worsening of the condition, as UTIs can cause confusion, especially in older adults and those with dementia.
C)    A drop in blood pressure to 100/50 mm Hg could indicate potential worsening, as it may suggest dehydration or sepsis, both of which can complicate a UTI.
D)    A decrease in hematocrit (Hct) to 45% is within the normal range and could indicate an improvement if previously elevated due to dehydration.
E)    Pink-tinged urine may indicate the presence of blood, a sign of potential worsening, as it could suggest a more severe infection or other complications.
F)    A butterfly rash is not typically associated with a UTI and may be unrelated to the current diagnosis; in this scenario it is related to the patient’s history of systemic lupus erythematosus.
 

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