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A nurse is caring for a client in the emergency department.

Exhibits


The nurse is caring for the client in the ED. The nurse understands that the client is at risk of developing which of the following complications? Select all that apply.

A.

Hypotension

B.

Respiratory alkalosis

C.

Septic shock

D.

Cardiac arrhythmias

E.

Renal failure

F.

Cerebral edema

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,D,E,F

A)    DKA can lead to several complications, including hypotension, which is indicated by the client's low blood pressure reading of 96/65 mm Hg.
B)    Respiratory alkalosis is less likely because DKA typically leads to metabolic acidosis, as indicated by the low pH of 7.30.
C)    DKA does not result in septic shock but it instead causes hypovolemic shock in case of severe dehydration.
D)    Cardiac arrhythmias can occur due to the electrolyte imbalances, as evidenced by the high potassium level of 5.5 mEq/L.
E)    Renal failure is another potential complication, suggested by the elevated creatinine level of 1.7 mg/dL. The client's hyperglycemia and dehydration can stress the kidneys, potentially leading to acute kidney injury or renal failure.
F)    Cerebral edema is a less common but severe complication of DKA, especially in children and adolescents, and should be considered given the client's symptoms of frequent urination and extreme thirst. It results from over-hydration of the client.
 


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"A"},"D":{"answers":"A"},"E":{"answers":"A"},"F":{"answers":"B"},"G":{"answers":"C"}}

Explanation

A) Metoprolol is a beta-blocker that can help reduce heart rate and blood pressure, which is beneficial in cases of chest pain and irregular tachycardia.
B) Oxygen at 2 L/min via nasal cannula is anticipated because the client's oxygen saturation is below normal, indicating they may benefit from supplemental oxygen.
C) Drawing electrolytes along with Hgb and Hct is anticipated as it is important to monitor these levels due to the client's symptoms and history of hypertension and diabetes.
D) Morphine is anticipated because the client reports pain, and morphine can provide pain relief and reduce the workload on the heart.
E) Nitroglycerin is a standard treatment for chest pain due to its vasodilating effects, which can improve blood flow to the heart.
F) Obtaining daily weight is nonessential at this moment because it does not directly address the acute symptoms the client is experiencing.
G) Atropine is contraindicated as the client's heart rate is tachycardic, not bradycardic, and atropine is used to increase heart rate.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Offering reassurance about the outcome of the procedure may not address the client's specific fears.
B) Encouraging the client to discuss their concerns allows the nurse to address any misconceptions or fears the client may have and provide appropriate information and support.
C) Assuming the client's fear is related to needles may not be accurate and may not address their specific concerns.
D) Asking the client to explain why they are scared is a good approach, but it may not immediately address their fears or provide the support they need.

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