A nurse is teaching the mother of a child who has cystic fibrosis and has a prescription for pancreatic enzymes three times per day. Which of the following statements indicates that the mother understands the teaching?
"My child will take the enzymes following meals."
"My child will take the enzymes to improve her metabolism."
"My child will take the enzymes 2 hours before meals."
"My child will take the enzymes to help digest the fat in foods."
The Correct Answer is D
D. "My child will take the enzymes to help digest the fat in foods."
Cystic fibrosis (CF) affects the exocrine glands, leading to thick and sticky mucus production, which can block the pancreatic ducts. As a result, children with CF have difficulty digesting fats and absorbing fat-soluble vitamins. Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) is prescribed to help improve fat digestion and nutrient absorption. These enzymes are taken with meals and snacks to aid in the breakdown of fats.
The other options are incorrect:
A. "My child will take the enzymes following meals." - This is the correct timing for taking pancreatic enzymes. The enzymes should be taken with meals and snacks, not following meals.
B. "My child will take the enzymes to improve her metabolism." - The purpose of taking pancreatic enzymes is not related to improving metabolism but to assist in fat digestion and nutrient absorption.
C. "My child will take the enzymes 2 hours before meals." - Taking pancreatic enzymes 2 hours before meals is not the recommended timing. They should be taken with meals and snacks to aid in fat digestion while eating.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The nurse should recommend bananas as a safe food choice for a 2-year-old child. Bananas are soft and easy to chew, making them safe for young children. They do not pose a choking hazard, unlike grapes, raw carrots, or celery.
Option B (Grapes) can be a choking hazard for young children, especially if they are not cut into small pieces or are given whole.
Option C (Raw carrots) and Option D (Celery) are hard and crunchy, and they require more chewing, which may not be safe for a 2-year-old child who is still developing their chewing and swallowing abilities.
As a general guideline, when selecting foods for young children, it is essential to choose soft, easily chewable, and non-choking hazard options to promote safe eating and reduce the risk of choking incidents.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a congenital heart defect associated with increased pulmonary blood flow. In normal fetal circulation, the ductus arteriosus allows blood to bypass the lungs since the baby receives oxygen from the mother's placenta. After birth, the ductus arteriosus should close, redirecting blood flow to the lungs for oxygenation. However, in some infants with PDA, the ductus arteriosus remains open, causing an abnormal connection between the aorta and the pulmonary artery. As a result, oxygenated blood from the aorta flows back into the pulmonary artery, increasing the workload on the lungs.
The other options are as follows:
A. Coarctation of the aorta - Coarctation of the aorta is a narrowing of the aorta, which obstructs blood flow and leads to increased blood pressure in the upper body and reduced blood flow to the lower body.
C. Tetralogy of Fallot - Tetralogy of Fallot is a combination of four heart defects that results in decreased pulmonary blood flow due to a ventricular septal defect (VSD), overriding aorta, pulmonary stenosis, and right ventricular hypertrophy.
D. Tricuspid atresia - Tricuspid atresia is a congenital heart defect where the tricuspid valve does not develop correctly, resulting in an absent or abnormal tricuspid valve. This defect prevents blood flow from the right atrium to the right ventricle and, therefore, reduces pulmonary blood flow.
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