A nurse is obtaining vital signs from a 2-month-old infant. The infant's heart rate is 190/min and his temperature is 40° C (104° F). The father asks the nurse why the infant's heart is beating so fast. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?

To calculate the daily fluid requirements for a child, you typically use the Holliday-Segar method, which provides guidelines based on the child's weight:

1. For the first 10 kg of body weight, you give 100 ml per kg.
2. For the second 10 kg of body weight, you give 50 ml per kg.
3. For any weight above 20 kg, you give 20 ml per kg.

First, convert the child's weight from pounds to kilograms. To do this, divide the weight in pounds by 2.2.

For a child weighing 33 pounds:

• The weight in kilograms is approximately 15 kg (33 divided by 2.2).

Now, calculate the fluid requirement:

• For the first 10 kg of the child's weight, you need 1000 ml (10 kg multiplied by 100 ml).
• For the remaining 5 kg, you need 250 ml (5 kg multiplied by 50 ml).

Adding these together, the total daily fluid requirement is 1250 ml.

So, the daily fluid requirement for a child weighing 33 pounds is 1250 ml.

A. "I will keep my baby in an upright position after feedings."
Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is a condition where the stomach contents flow back into the esophagus, which can cause spitting up or regurgitation in infants. Keeping the baby in an upright position after feedings can help reduce the likelihood of reflux episodes. By holding the baby in an upright position for about 30 minutes after feeding, gravity can aid in keeping the stomach contents from flowing back into the esophagus.
The other statements are incorrect or do not address the management of gastroesophageal reflux:
B. "My baby's formula can be thickened with oatmeal." - Thickening formula with oatmeal is not a standard recommendation for managing GER in infants. In some cases, thickening formulas may be recommended, but it should be done under the guidance of a healthcare provider.
C. "I should position my baby side-lying during sleep." A side-lying position is not recommended for sleep in infants, as it increases the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). The safe sleep position for infants is on their back.
D. "I will have to feed my baby formula rather than breast milk." - The type of feeding (formula or breast milk) does not directly impact the occurrence of gastroesophageal reflux. Both breast milk and formula can cause reflux in some infants. It is essential to discuss feeding options with a healthcare provider to determine the best approach for the individual infant's needs.