d

Factor X

Steroids

immunizations that the patient is scheduled for

PCA Morphine

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Factor X is a clotting factor involved in the coagulation cascade. It is not directly related to preventing infections. While clotting factors are essential for hemostasis, they do not play a role in infection prevention.

B. Steroids can suppress the immune response, making the child more susceptible to infections. Therefore, they are not specifically administered to prevent infections

C. In a child with a sickle cell crisis who is hospitalized, preventing infections is crucial due to the increased risk of infections in this condition. Administering immunizations that the patient is scheduled for can help prevent certain infections.

Children with sickle cell disease are at a higher risk of bacterial infections, especially from encapsulated organisms like Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. Vaccines can help protect against these pathogens and reduce the risk of serious infections.

Some of the recommended immunizations for children with sickle cell disease include:

Pneumococcal vaccine: This helps protect against infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, which can cause severe respiratory and bloodstream infections.

Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) vaccine: This protects against infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae type B, which can lead to serious illnesses like pneumonia and meningitis.

Meningococcal vaccine: This protects against Neisseria meningitidis, which can cause meningitis and bloodstream infections.

Influenza vaccine: This annual vaccine helps protect against seasonal flu, which can be severe in children with sickle cell disease.

Administering these vaccines according to the recommended schedule helps provide protection against certain infections and can improve outcomes for children with sickle cell disease during hospitalization and beyond. The other options, Factor X, steroids, and PCA morphine, are not specific measures for preventing infections in a child with sickle cell crisis.

D. PCA (patient-controlled analgesia) morphine is used for pain management during a sickle cell crisis. It does not directly prevent infections.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Severe anemia is a condition characterized by a significant decrease in the number of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood, leading to reduced oxygen-carrying capacity. This can result in fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath in the affected individual.

A red blood cell transfusion is given to a child with severe anemia to increase the number of red blood cells and, consequently, the hemoglobin level in the blood. This helps improve oxygen delivery to tissues and organs, which can lead to increased energy levels and reduced fatigue.

Option A is incorrect because red blood cell transfusion is not given to help the body stop bleeding by forming a clot. Platelets are responsible for clot formation, not red blood cells.

Option B is incorrect because a red blood cell transfusion is not used to fight infections. White blood cells and the immune system are responsible for fighting infections.

Option D is incorrect because a red blood cell transfusion is not given to allow her parents to come to visit her. Transfusions are medical treatments to address specific medical conditions and are not related to visitation rights.

A. Monitor oral temperature every 4 hr. B. Administer sodium biphosphate/sodium phosphate. C. Maintain NPO status. D. Medicate the client for pain every 4 hr as needed.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse should clarify the prescription to administer sodium biphosphate/sodium phosphate because it is a laxative and is contraindicated in a child with suspected appendicitis. The use of laxatives or enemas can potentially worsen the condition by increasing the risk of perforation or rupture of the inflamed appendix.
A. Monitoring oral temperature every 4 hours is important to assess for signs of infection or worsening condition.
C. Maintaining NPO status is essential to avoid stimulating the digestive system and to prepare for possible surgery.
D. Medicating the client for pain every 4 hours as needed is appropriate to manage pain and provide comfort while the child awaits further evaluation or treatment.
Remember, it's crucial to avoid the use of laxatives, enemas, or any other interventions that can potentially aggravate the inflamed appendix in a child with suspected appendicitis.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A child with severe anemia requires a unit of red blood cells (RBCs). The nurse explains to the child that the transfusion is necessary to:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a child who has suspected appendicitis. Which of the following provider prescriptions should the nurse clarify?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a child who is on a clear liquid diet. At lunch, the child consumed ½ cup of juice, and 3 oz gelatin. 1 oz of an ice pop, and 20 mL ginger ale. How many mL should the nurse record as the child's fluid intake?

A nurse is assessing a child who is postoperative following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of hemorrhage?

A nurse is preparing to administer acetaminophen 10 mg/kg/dose to a child who weighs 28 lb. The amount available is acetaminophen 120 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

A nurse receives a call from a parent of a child who has von Willebrand disease and has had a nosebleed. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give to the parent?

A nurse is discharging a child who has sickle cell anemia after an acute crisis episode. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

A nurse is providing teaching to a parent of a child who has celiac disease. The nurse should include which of the following food choices for this child?

A parent tells a nurse that her toddler drinks a quart of milk a day and has a poor appetite for solid foods. The nurse should explain that the toddler is at risk for which of the following disorders?

A nurse is providing discharge instructions to the parent of a 10-year-old child following a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?