A nurse is teaching the guardian of an infant who has developmental dysplasia of the hip about a Pavlik harness. Which of the following Instructions should the nurse include?

Rationale for A: Decreased reflexes can indicate hypokalemia, an adverse effect of loop diuretics. Loop diuretics increase the excretion of potassium, which can lead to low potassium levels, manifesting as muscle weakness and diminished reflexes.

Rationale for B: Weight gain, especially in the context of heart failure, suggests fluid retention rather than an adverse effect of a loop diuretic, which is expected to reduce fluid retention by promoting diuresis.

Rationale for C: Increased urinary output is an expected effect of loop diuretics, as they are used to remove excess fluid. This would not be considered an adverse effect unless it leads to dehydration or electrolyte imbalances.

Rationale for D: Jugular vein distention indicates fluid overload, which would suggest that the diuretic is not effective or that the heart failure is worsening. It is not a direct adverse effect of the medication itself.

A. Serum calcium levels are not directly indicative of hypervolemia.

B. A urine specific gravity of 1.001 indicates dilute urine, which is a common finding in hypervolemia as the kidneys attempt to excrete excess fluid.

C. Serum sodium levels within the normal range (e.g., 138 mEq/L) are not indicative of hypervolemia.

D. Urine pH of 6.1 is within the normal range and does not specifically indicate hypervolemia.