A nurse is teaching self-management to a client who has hepatitis B. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

You may donate blood 6 months after completing the medication regimen.

Rest frequently throughout the day.

Consume a high-protein diet.

Take acetaminophen every 4 hr, as needed, for discomfort.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Clients with hepatitis B should never donate blood, even after completing treatment, as they can remain carriers of the virus.
B. Resting frequently is essential for clients with hepatitis B as it helps the body recover and conserve energy during the healing process.
C. A high-protein diet is not recommended for hepatitis B patients; a balanced diet with adequate calories and nutrients is more appropriate to support liver health.
D. Acetaminophen is metabolized by the liver and should be used cautiously or avoided in clients with hepatitis B to prevent further liver damage.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Reducing protein intake is a key intervention to decrease ammonia levels in clients with liver cirrhosis and encephalopathy. Protein metabolism in the liver produces ammonia, and limiting protein can help manage elevated ammonia levels, thereby reducing symptoms of encephalopathy.

B. Restricting fluid intake is not directly related to decreasing ammonia levels. While fluid restriction may be necessary in cases of ascites or edema, it does not address the root cause of elevated ammonia in liver disease.

C. Administering vitamin K is important for managing clotting issues in liver disease but does not directly impact ammonia levels. Vitamin K helps with clotting factor synthesis, which is not directly related to ammonia metabolism.

D. Administering diuretics can help manage fluid retention but does not reduce ammonia levels. The primary goal for managing ammonia in cirrhosis involves dietary modifications and medications like lactulose, rather than diuretics.

A. Febrile B. Acute pain C. Allergic D. Hemolytic

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. A febrile reaction is typically characterized by fever and chills but does not usually cause red-tinged urine.
B. Acute pain is not a specific reaction associated with blood transfusions and does not match the described symptoms.
C. An allergic reaction is more likely to cause hives or itching rather than fever and red-tinged urine.
D. Hemolytic transfusion reactions are associated with fever, chills, and red-tinged urine due to the breakdown of red blood cells and are a serious complication that requires immediate attention.

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A nurse is teaching self-management to a client who has hepatitis B. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is planning care for a client who has end-stage cirrhosis of the liver with encephalopathy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse plan to implement to decrease the client's ammonia level?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving a unit of packed red blood cells. Fifteen minutes following the start of the transfusion, the nurse notes that the client is febrile, with chills and red-tinged urine. Which of the following transfusion reactions should the nurse suspect?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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