A nurse is teaching a client who is at risk for developing preeclampsia.
Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
“I should avoid foods that are high in sodium.”
“I should lie on my left side for at least 2 hours a day.”
“I should check my blood pressure at home every day.”
“I should take a baby aspirin every day as prescribed.”
The Correct Answer is D
“I should take a baby aspirin every day as prescribed.” Taking a baby aspirin daily has been shown to reduce the risk of developing preeclampsia by about 15%. If you have risk factors for preeclampsia, your healthcare provider may recommend starting aspirin in early pregnancy (by 12 weeks gestation).
Choice A is wrong because avoiding foods that are high in sodium does not prevent preeclampsia. Sodium intake does not affect blood pressure in pregnancy.
Choice B is wrong because lying on your left side for at least 2 hours a day does not prevent preeclampsia. However, lying on your left side may help improve blood flow to your placenta and your baby.
Choice C is wrong because checking your blood pressure at home every day does not prevent preeclampsia. However, monitoring your blood pressure at home may help detect signs of preeclampsia early and alert you to seek medical attention if needed.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The client will have to monitor her blood pressure at home for a month after delivery because preeclampsia can persist or develop for the first time after delivery.The client should seek medical care if she has signs of postpartum preeclampsia, such as severe headaches, vision changes, severe belly pain, nausea and vomiting.
Choice A is wrong because magnesium sulfate is an anticonvulsant medication that is given to prevent seizures in women with severe preeclampsia during labor and usually for 24 hours after delivery.
It is not needed for another week.
Choice C is wrong because breastfeeding is not contraindicated in women with preeclampsia.Breastfeeding may even lower the blood pressure and help with bonding.
Choice D is wrong because contraception is not related to preeclampsia.The client should discuss with her healthcare provider about the best contraceptive method for her based on her medical history and preferences.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Labetalol is an antihypertensive drug that can lower blood pressure in pregnant women with preeclampsia.Preeclampsia is a condition that causes high blood pressure and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation.
Choice A is wrong because hydralazine is not recommended as a first-line treatment for preeclampsia due to its potential adverse effects on maternal and fetal outcomes.
Choice B is wrong because nifedipine is not licensed for use in pregnancy and may interact with magnesium sulfate, which is an anticonvulsant medication used to prevent or treat seizures in severe preeclampsia.
Choice D is wrong because methyldopa is not effective for acute blood pressure control and may cause adverse effects such as depression, sedation, and hemolytic anemia.
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