A nurse is teaching a client who has acute kidney injury (AKI) about the oliguric phase. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) recovers.
Urine output is less than 400 mL per 24 hours.
BUN and creatinine levels decrease.
Renal function is reestablished.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: The GFR does not recover during the oliguric phase; instead, it is typically reduced, reflecting impaired kidney function.
Choice B reason: Urine output of less than 400 mL per 24 hours is characteristic of the oliguric phase of AKI. This phase can last from 1 to 7 days after kidney injury and is a crucial time for monitoring and managing the patient's fluid and electrolyte balance.
Choice C reason: BUN and creatinine levels do not decrease during the oliguric phase. They usually increase due to reduced kidney function and the inability to excrete these waste products.
Choice D reason: Renal function is not reestablished during the oliguric phase. This phase is part of the course of AKI where renal function is at its lowest, and recovery has not yet begun.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason:Lactulose is used in hepatic encephalopathy primarily to lower blood ammonia levels. It works by converting ammonia in the intestines into ammonium, which is then excreted³. Therefore, a decrease in ammonia levels would indicate the effectiveness of the medication.
Choice B reason:While lactulose can relieve constipation due to its laxative effect, relief of constipation is not the primary indicator of its effectiveness in treating hepatic encephalopathy³.
Choice C reason:Decreased liver enzymes are not a direct measure of lactulose's effectiveness in hepatic encephalopathy. Liver enzymes are indicators of liver function, not ammonia levels³.
Choice D reason:Relief of abdominal pain is not a specific indicator of lactulose's effectiveness in hepatic encephalopathy. The medication's primary role is to reduce ammonia levels, not to alleviate pain³.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Occasional bubbling in the water-seal chamber can indicate an air leak, which is not necessarily a sign of lung re-expansion. It could suggest that the lung has not fully re-expanded or that there is a persistent air leak.
Choice B reason: While the absence of pleuritic chest pain is a positive sign, it is not a definitive indicator of lung re-expansion. Pleuritic chest pain can subside even if the lung has not fully re-expanded.
Choice C reason: No tidaling in the water-seal chamber is a strong indicator that the lung has re-expanded. When the lung is fully expanded, it presses against the chest wall, eliminating the space where air could collect and thus stopping the water level from fluctuating with respiration.
Choice D reason: An oxygen saturation of 95% is within normal limits and suggests adequate oxygenation, but it does not specifically indicate lung re-expansion. Oxygen saturation can be maintained with supplemental oxygen or other supportive measures even if the lung has not fully re-expanded.
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