A nurse is assessing a client and discovers the infusion pump with the client's total parenteral nutrition (TPN) solution is not infusing. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following conditions?

Hypertension and crackles

Fever and chills

Excessive thirst and urination

Shakiness and diaphoresis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

a. Hypertension and crackles:

While hypertension can be associated with various conditions, such as cardiovascular diseases or stress, it is not directly related to the cessation of TPN infusion.

Crackles in the lungs are often indicative of fluid accumulation or inflammation, commonly seen in conditions like pneumonia or heart failure. They are not typically associated with the interruption of TPN infusion.

b. Fever and chills:

Fever and chills can be symptoms of infection or inflammatory processes in the body. However, they are not specifically related to the interruption of TPN infusion.

In the context of TPN cessation, the focus would be on metabolic changes rather than infectious processes.

c. Excessive thirst and urination:

Excessive thirst and urination are classic symptoms of hyperglycemia, which can occur when TPN, particularly if it contains a high glucose concentration, is abruptly interrupted.

When TPN infusion stops, there is no longer a continuous supply of glucose to the body, leading to increased blood glucose levels and subsequent polyuria (excessive urination) and polydipsia (excessive thirst) as the body tries to eliminate excess glucose.

d. Shakiness and diaphoresis:

Shakiness and diaphoresis (excessive sweating) are classic symptoms of hypoglycemia, which can occur if TPN, particularly if it contains a high concentration of insulin, is abruptly interrupted.

TPN solutions often contain glucose and insulin to maintain proper blood glucose levels. If the infusion is stopped suddenly, there may be a rapid decline in blood glucose levels, leading to hypoglycemia, which manifests as shakiness, diaphoresis, confusion, and other neuroglycopenic symptoms.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Measuring the gastric residual is a common practice before administering enteral feedings. It helps to assess if the client's stomach is emptying properly and if there is any buildup of undigested formula. This is important in identifying delayed gastric emptying, which can lead to complications if not addressed.
B. To remove gastric acid that might cause dyspepsia is not the primary purpose of measuring gastric residual. The main concern is to assess the rate of stomach emptying.
C. To confirm the placement of the NG tube is typically done using other methods, such as pH testing or an X-ray. While aspirating stomach contents through the tube can help confirm placement, it is not the primary purpose of measuring gastric residual.
D. To determine the client's electrolyte balance is not related to the purpose of measuring gastric residual. Electrolyte balance is typically assessed through blood tests and clinical signs and symptoms.

A. Gloves B. Face shield C. Gown D. Mask

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Gloves should be removed first. This is because the gloves are the items most likely to be contaminated. To remove gloves, grasp the outside edge near the wrist and peel them off, turning them inside out as you go.
B. The gown should be removed next. The gown protects the nurse's clothing from contamination. Untie or unfasten the gown, and then carefully remove it, taking care to avoid touching the outside of the gown.
C. Face shields or goggles should be removed next if used. This helps protect the eyes and face. Handle the shield or goggles by the headband or earpieces and remove them without touching the front.
D. Mask should be removed last. The mask helps protect the respiratory system. Untie or unhook the mask from behind the ears or head and discard it.

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A nurse is assessing a client and discovers the infusion pump with the client's total parenteral nutrition (TPN) solution is not infusing. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following conditions?

Nursing Test Bank

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