A nurse is assessing a client and discovers the infusion pump with the client's total parenteral nutrition (TPN) solution is not infusing. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following conditions?

Hypertension and crackles

Fever and chills

Excessive thirst and urination

Shakiness and diaphoresis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

a. Hypertension and crackles:

While hypertension can be associated with various conditions, such as cardiovascular diseases or stress, it is not directly related to the cessation of TPN infusion.

Crackles in the lungs are often indicative of fluid accumulation or inflammation, commonly seen in conditions like pneumonia or heart failure. They are not typically associated with the interruption of TPN infusion.

b. Fever and chills:

Fever and chills can be symptoms of infection or inflammatory processes in the body. However, they are not specifically related to the interruption of TPN infusion.

In the context of TPN cessation, the focus would be on metabolic changes rather than infectious processes.

c. Excessive thirst and urination:

Excessive thirst and urination are classic symptoms of hyperglycemia, which can occur when TPN, particularly if it contains a high glucose concentration, is abruptly interrupted.

When TPN infusion stops, there is no longer a continuous supply of glucose to the body, leading to increased blood glucose levels and subsequent polyuria (excessive urination) and polydipsia (excessive thirst) as the body tries to eliminate excess glucose.

d. Shakiness and diaphoresis:

Shakiness and diaphoresis (excessive sweating) are classic symptoms of hypoglycemia, which can occur if TPN, particularly if it contains a high concentration of insulin, is abruptly interrupted.

TPN solutions often contain glucose and insulin to maintain proper blood glucose levels. If the infusion is stopped suddenly, there may be a rapid decline in blood glucose levels, leading to hypoglycemia, which manifests as shakiness, diaphoresis, confusion, and other neuroglycopenic symptoms.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Observing the client's respiratory status is also important, but it is an ongoing assessment rather than an immediate action.

B. Monitoring intake and output every 8 hours is important for overall fluid balance, but it is not the top priority in this situation.

C. This is crucial to prevent aspiration, which can occur if the feeding formula enters the lungs, leading to pneumonia or other serious complications. Elevating the head of the bed helps keep the esophagus above the stomach, reducing the risk of aspiration.

D. Checking residual volume every 4 to 6 hours is a part of enteral feeding care, but it is not the top priority. Monitoring respiratory status takes precedence due to the potential risk of aspiration.

A. Assist a client to ambulate using a gait belt. B. Review a low-sodium diet for a client who has hypertension. C. Feed a client who had a stroke 3 months ago. D. Bathe a client who had an amputation 2 days ago. E. Expllain oral hygiene to a client receiving chemotherapy.

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

Rationale A: Assisting a client to ambulate using a gait belt is a task within the scope of practice for assistive personnel. It involves physical support and monitoring, which do not require the advanced training of a registered nurse. This task ensures the client's safety while promoting mobility.

Rationale B: Reviewing a low-sodium diet is not within the scope of practice for assistive personnel as it requires nutritional knowledge and the ability to teach, which are responsibilities of a registered nurse or a dietitian.

Rationale C: Feeding a client who had a stroke 3 months ago can be delegated to assistive personnel. This task does not require the clinical judgment of a nurse and can be performed following a predefined plan of care.

Rationale D: Bathing a client who had an amputation 2 days ago can be delegated to assistive personnel. They are trained to assist with activities of daily living, including bathing, while ensuring the client's safety and comfort.

Rationale E: Explaining oral hygiene to a client receiving chemotherapy involves patient education and understanding of the specific needs related to the client's condition, which are beyond the role of assistive personnel. This task requires the expertise of a nurse or other healthcare professional.

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A nurse is assessing a client and discovers the infusion pump with the client's total parenteral nutrition (TPN) solution is not infusing. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following conditions?

Nursing Test Bank

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