A nurse is teaching a class of older adults about the expected physiologic changes of aging. Which of the following changes should the nurse include in the discussion? (Select all that apply.)
More difficulty seeing due to a greater sensitivity to glare
Dehydration of intervertebral discs
Decreased systolic blood pressure
Decreased cough reflex
Decreased bladder capacity
Correct Answer : A,B,D,E
A. More difficulty seeing due to a greater sensitivity to glare is a common age-related change in vision.
B. Dehydration of intervertebral discs can occur with aging, leading to decreased flexibility and potentially contributing to back pain.
C. While systolic blood pressure may increase with age, decreased systolic blood pressure is not a typical age-related change.
D. Decreased cough reflex is an expected change, which can lead to an increased risk of respiratory infections in older adults.
E. Decreased bladder capacity is an expected age-related change due to changes in the bladder muscles and elasticity of the tissues. This can contribute to increased frequency of urination in older adults.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Requesting a prescription for an indwelling urinary catheter should be considered a last resort. Catheters come with risks of infection and other complications, so they should only be used when other interventions have failed.
B. Taking the client to the bathroom every 2 hours is a proactive approach to managing urinary incontinence in older adults with dementia. This helps ensure that the client has regular opportunities to empty their bladder, reducing the likelihood of accidents.
C. Reminding the client to tell the nurse when he has to urinate may not be effective in clients with dementia, as they may have difficulty recognizing or communicating their need to urinate.
D. Using adult diapers should also be considered a last resort and should not be the primary intervention. While they can provide a temporary solution, they do not address the underlying issue and can contribute to skin problems if not changed frequently.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Diluting each medication with tap water is not a recommended practice. It's important to administer medications in their prescribed form to ensure the client receives the correct dose.
B. Pinching the tube prior to attaching the medication syringe helps prevent the medication from being immediately pulled into the suction equipment. This allows the medication to stay in the stomach for absorption.
C. Reattaching the suction directly after administering the medication would
immediately start suctioning again, which could pull the medication out of the stomach before it has a chance to be absorbed.
D. Mixing the three medications together is not recommended, as some medications may interact with each other, potentially leading to undesirable effects. Each medication should be administered separately to ensure proper absorption and effectiveness.
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