A nurse is teaching a 12yearold child who is newly diagnosed with asthma about managing the condition to prevent asthma attacks. Which of the following statements by the child should indicate to the nurse that the teaching has been effective?
"Eliminating allergens that irritate my lungs can help me avoid getting an asthma attack."
"If I control my asthma, I will miss fewer days of school."
"Even if I control my asthma well, I won't be able to participate in sports or physical activities."
"Coughing and shortness of breath in the morning can be a sign that my asthma is well controlled."
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: This statement indicates that the child understands the role of allergens in triggering asthma symptoms and the importance of avoiding or reducing exposure to them. Allergens such as dust mites, animal dander, mold, and pollen can cause inflammation and constriction of the airways, leading to wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath. The nurse should teach the child how to identify and eliminate or minimize allergens in the home, school, and outdoor environments.
Choice B reason: This statement is true, but it does not indicate that the child has learned how to manage the condition to prevent asthma attacks. Missing school days is a consequence of poorly controlled asthma, not a cause or a trigger¹². The nurse should teach the child how to use a written asthma action plan, which includes daily medications, peak flow monitoring, and rescue medications, to achieve good asthma control and reduce the risk of exacerbations.
Choice C reason: This statement is false and indicates that the child has a misconception about the impact of asthma on physical activity. Physical activity is beneficial for children with asthma, as it can improve lung function, cardiovascular fitness, and quality of life. The nurse should teach the child how to prevent exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, which is a common trigger of asthma symptoms, by using a short-acting bronchodilator before exercise, warming up and cooling down, and avoiding exercise in cold or polluted air.
Choice D reason: This statement is false and indicates that the child does not recognize the signs of poor asthma control. Coughing and shortness of breath in the morning are common symptoms of nocturnal asthma, which is a sign of uncontrolled asthma and a risk factor for severe asthma attacks. The nurse should teach the child how to monitor and record asthma symptoms and peak flow readings, and how to adjust medications according to the asthma action plan.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The correct answer is: b. Mold
Choice A: Radon
Radon is a radioactive gas that can cause lung cancer, but it is not specifically linked to asthma or allergies. While it is important to avoid radon for overall health, it is not a primary environmental trigger for asthma or allergies.
Choice B: Mold
Mold is a common allergen that can significantly worsen asthma and allergy symptoms. Mold spores can be inhaled, leading to respiratory issues, including asthma attacks and allergic reactions. Therefore, avoiding mold is crucial for individuals with asthma and allergies.
Choice C: Cockroaches
Cockroaches are known to be a significant trigger for asthma and allergies. Their droppings, saliva, and shed body parts can become airborne and exacerbate asthma and allergy symptoms. Avoiding cockroaches is important, but mold is typically a more direct and common trigger.
Choice D: Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B is a viral infection that affects the liver and is not related to asthma or allergies. It is important to avoid Hepatitis B for other health reasons, but it does not influence asthma or allergy symptoms.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: A stroke involving the right cerebral hemisphere can affect the cognitive and emotional functions of the brain, such as judgment, impulse control, and emotional regulation³. This can lead to risky or inappropriate behaviors, such as acting impulsively or disregarding social norms. Therefore, the nurse should monitor the client for poor impulse control and provide appropriate interventions, such as education, cueing, feedback, and environmental modifications.
Choice B reason: A stroke involving the right cerebral hemisphere can affect the visual functions of the brain, such as depth perception, spatial orientation, and visual recognition³. However, the deficits are usually in the left visual field, not the right, because the right side of the brain controls the left side of the body and the environment. Therefore, the nurse should monitor the client for deficits in the left visual field, not the right.
Choice C reason: A stroke involving the right cerebral hemisphere can affect the abstract reasoning functions of the brain, such as understanding metaphors, humor, or sarcasm. However, the ability to discriminate words and letters is more related to the language functions of the brain, which are mainly controlled by the left cerebral hemisphere. Therefore, the nurse should monitor the client for language deficits, such as aphasia or dysarthria, if the stroke involves the left cerebral hemisphere, not the right.
Choice D reason: A stroke involving the right cerebral hemisphere can affect the motor functions of the brain, such as movement, coordination, and balance³. However, the motor retardation, which is a slowing down of physical and mental activity, is more related to the mood functions of the brain, which are mainly controlled by the frontal lobe of the brain. Therefore, the nurse should monitor the client for motor retardation if the stroke involves the frontal lobe, not the right cerebral hemisphere.
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