A nurse is teaching a 12yearold child who is newly diagnosed with asthma about managing the condition to prevent asthma attacks. Which of the following statements by the child should indicate to the nurse that the teaching has been effective?
"Eliminating allergens that irritate my lungs can help me avoid getting an asthma attack."
"If I control my asthma, I will miss fewer days of school."
"Even if I control my asthma well, I won't be able to participate in sports or physical activities."
"Coughing and shortness of breath in the morning can be a sign that my asthma is well controlled."
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: This statement indicates that the child understands the role of allergens in triggering asthma symptoms and the importance of avoiding or reducing exposure to them. Allergens such as dust mites, animal dander, mold, and pollen can cause inflammation and constriction of the airways, leading to wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath. The nurse should teach the child how to identify and eliminate or minimize allergens in the home, school, and outdoor environments.
Choice B reason: This statement is true, but it does not indicate that the child has learned how to manage the condition to prevent asthma attacks. Missing school days is a consequence of poorly controlled asthma, not a cause or a trigger¹². The nurse should teach the child how to use a written asthma action plan, which includes daily medications, peak flow monitoring, and rescue medications, to achieve good asthma control and reduce the risk of exacerbations.
Choice C reason: This statement is false and indicates that the child has a misconception about the impact of asthma on physical activity. Physical activity is beneficial for children with asthma, as it can improve lung function, cardiovascular fitness, and quality of life. The nurse should teach the child how to prevent exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, which is a common trigger of asthma symptoms, by using a short-acting bronchodilator before exercise, warming up and cooling down, and avoiding exercise in cold or polluted air.
Choice D reason: This statement is false and indicates that the child does not recognize the signs of poor asthma control. Coughing and shortness of breath in the morning are common symptoms of nocturnal asthma, which is a sign of uncontrolled asthma and a risk factor for severe asthma attacks. The nurse should teach the child how to monitor and record asthma symptoms and peak flow readings, and how to adjust medications according to the asthma action plan.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: The client is unable to make vocal sounds. This conclusion is not based on the GCS score of 5 for best verbal response, which indicates that the client is oriented and converses normally. The client may have other reasons for being unable to make vocal sounds, such as intubation or injury to the vocal cords.
Choice B reason: The client opens his eyes when spoken to. This conclusion is based on the GCS score of 3 for eye opening, which indicates that the client responds to verbal stimuli. This is the highest level of eye opening response on the GCS.
Choice C reason: The client is unconscious. This conclusion is not based on the GCS score of 13 (3+5+5), which indicates that the client has a mild level of impaired consciousness. The client is not unconscious, but may have reduced awareness or attention.
Choice D reason: The client can follow simple motor commands. This conclusion is not based on the GCS score of 5 for best motor response, which indicates that the client localizes pain. This means that the client moves their limbs away from a painful stimulus, but does not necessarily follow commands.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: "Use simple, childlike statements when speaking." This response is not appropriate because it can be demeaning and disrespectful to the client. The client is an adult who knows what they want to say, but they have difficulty saying it. Using simple statements is helpful, but they should not be childlike or patronizing.
Choice B reason: "Use a higher pitched tone of voice when speaking." This response is not appropriate because it can be irritating and confusing to the client. The client may have normal hearing, or they may have hearing loss due to age or stroke. Using a higher pitched tone of voice can make the speech harder to understand and may imply that the client is not intelligent.
Choice C reason: "Incorporate nonverbal cues in the conversation." This response is appropriate because nonverbal cues, such as gestures, facial expressions, and drawings, can help the client understand and express themselves better. Nonverbal cues can also reduce frustration and anxiety for both the client and the family member.
Choice D reason: "Ask multiple choice questions as part of the conversation." This response is not appropriate because it can be overwhelming and stressful for the client. Multiple choice questions can be hard to process and remember for someone with aphasia. It is better to ask yes or no questions, or to provide options with visual cues.
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