A nurse is teaching a 12yearold child who is newly diagnosed with asthma about managing the condition to prevent asthma attacks. Which of the following statements by the child should indicate to the nurse that the teaching has been effective?
"Eliminating allergens that irritate my lungs can help me avoid getting an asthma attack."
"If I control my asthma, I will miss fewer days of school."
"Even if I control my asthma well, I won't be able to participate in sports or physical activities."
"Coughing and shortness of breath in the morning can be a sign that my asthma is well controlled."
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: This statement indicates that the child understands the role of allergens in triggering asthma symptoms and the importance of avoiding or reducing exposure to them. Allergens such as dust mites, animal dander, mold, and pollen can cause inflammation and constriction of the airways, leading to wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath. The nurse should teach the child how to identify and eliminate or minimize allergens in the home, school, and outdoor environments.
Choice B reason: This statement is true, but it does not indicate that the child has learned how to manage the condition to prevent asthma attacks. Missing school days is a consequence of poorly controlled asthma, not a cause or a trigger¹². The nurse should teach the child how to use a written asthma action plan, which includes daily medications, peak flow monitoring, and rescue medications, to achieve good asthma control and reduce the risk of exacerbations.
Choice C reason: This statement is false and indicates that the child has a misconception about the impact of asthma on physical activity. Physical activity is beneficial for children with asthma, as it can improve lung function, cardiovascular fitness, and quality of life. The nurse should teach the child how to prevent exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, which is a common trigger of asthma symptoms, by using a short-acting bronchodilator before exercise, warming up and cooling down, and avoiding exercise in cold or polluted air.
Choice D reason: This statement is false and indicates that the child does not recognize the signs of poor asthma control. Coughing and shortness of breath in the morning are common symptoms of nocturnal asthma, which is a sign of uncontrolled asthma and a risk factor for severe asthma attacks. The nurse should teach the child how to monitor and record asthma symptoms and peak flow readings, and how to adjust medications according to the asthma action plan.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: History of hypertension is not a nonmodifiable risk factor for developing a stroke, but a modifiable risk factor. Hypertension is a high blood pressure, defined as 140/90 mm Hg or higher. Hypertension can damage the blood vessels and increase the risk of stroke by causing atherosclerosis, aneurysm, or hemorrhage. The nurse should teach the clients to monitor their blood pressure and take medications as prescribed to lower their blood pressure and reduce their stroke risk.
Choice B reason: Genetics is a nonmodifiable risk factor for developing a stroke. Genetics refers to the inherited traits that are passed down from parents to children. Genetics can influence the risk of stroke by affecting the susceptibility to certain conditions, such as sickle cell disease, clotting disorders, or familial hypercholesterolemia, that can increase the risk of stroke. The nurse should teach the clients to know their family history and discuss their genetic risk factors with their provider.
Choice C reason: Obesity is not a nonmodifiable risk factor for developing a stroke, but a modifiable risk factor. Obesity is a condition of having excess body fat, defined as a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or higher. Obesity can increase the risk of stroke by contributing to other risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, or high cholesterol. The nurse should teach the clients to maintain a healthy weight and follow a balanced diet and exercise regimen to lower their stroke risk.
Choice D reason: History of smoking is not a nonmodifiable risk factor for developing a stroke, but a modifiable risk factor. Smoking is the inhalation of tobacco or other substances that contain nicotine or other harmful chemicals. Smoking can increase the risk of stroke by damaging the blood vessels, increasing the blood pressure, reducing the oxygen in the blood, and promoting blood clotting. The nurse should teach the clients to quit smoking and avoid exposure to secondhand smoke to lower their stroke risk.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Rinse the mouth after administration. This answer is correct because rinsing the mouth after using inhaled beclomethasone can help prevent oral candidiasis, a fungal infection that can cause soreness, white patches, and bleeding in the mouth.
Choice B reason: Check the pulse after medication administration. This answer is incorrect because checking the pulse after using inhaled beclomethasone is not necessary, as this medication does not affect the heart rate or blood pressure. Inhaled beclomethasone is a corticosteroid that reduces inflammation and swelling in the airways.
Choice C reason: Limit caffeine intake. This answer is incorrect because limiting caffeine intake is not related to the use of inhaled beclomethasone, but rather to the management of asthma symptoms. Caffeine can act as a bronchodilator and improve lung function, but it can also cause nervousness, insomnia, and palpitations in some people.
Choice D reason: Take the medication with meals. This answer is incorrect because taking the medication with meals is not relevant to the use of inhaled beclomethasone, as this medication is not taken orally but by inhalation. Inhaled beclomethasone is delivered directly to the lungs, where it exerts its anti-inflammatory effect.
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