A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client and identifies a serum potassium 6.8 mEq/L (3.5-5 mEq/L). Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?

Lactulose

Acetylcysteine

Sodium polystyrene (Kayexalate)

Triamterene

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Lactulose: Lactulose is used to treat hepatic encephalopathy by reducing ammonia levels, not for hyperkalemia.

B. Acetylcysteine: Acetylcysteine is used for acetaminophen overdose or as a mucolytic agent, not for hyperkalemia.

C. Sodium polystyrene (Kayexalate): Kayexalate is used to treat hyperkalemia by exchanging sodium for potassium in the intestines, promoting the elimination of potassium through the stool. This is the correct treatment for a potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L, which is dangerously high.

D. Triamterene: Triamterene is a potassium-sparing diuretic and would worsen hyperkalemia, not treat it.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Hypotension: Hypercalcemia (high calcium levels) typically causes increased blood pressure, not hypotension.

B. Decreased deep tendon reflexes: High calcium levels can depress neuromuscular function, leading to diminished or absent deep tendon reflexes. This is a common finding in hypercalcemia.

C. Diarrhea: Hypercalcemia is more commonly associated with constipation, not diarrhea.

D. Increased appetite: Hypercalcemia does not cause increased appetite. It often leads to symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, or a reduced appetite.

A. "Adding pecans will be a change I can readily make." B. "I will eat cantaloupe for my morning snack." C. "I will miss eating yogurt every day for breakfast." D. "I can plan to eat rice instead of baked potatoes."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "Adding pecans will be a change I can readily make.": Pecans are not a significant source of potassium compared to other foods.

B. "I will eat cantaloupe for my morning snack.": Cantaloupe is a potassium-rich food and an excellent choice to increase dietary potassium.

C. "I will miss eating yogurt every day for breakfast.": Yogurt is a good potassium source, so discontinuing it would not help.

D. "I can plan to eat rice instead of baked potatoes.": Rice is low in potassium, whereas baked potatoes are a potassium-rich option.

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A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client and identifies a serum potassium 6.8 mEq/L (3.5-5 mEq/L). Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?

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