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A nurse is reviewing the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia. Which of the following symptoms must be present for a client to be diagnosed with schizophrenia? (Select all that apply.)

Impaired interpersonal relationships

Inability to initiate activities

Disorganized behavior

Antisocial personality

Hallucinations

Lack of emotional expression

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,E,F

Choice A reason:

Impaired interpersonal relationships can be a consequence of schizophrenia, but it is not a specific diagnostic criterion in the DSM-5. The criteria focus on more direct symptoms of the disorder.

Choice B reason:

Inability to initiate activities may be related to negative symptoms of schizophrenia, such as avolition, but it is not explicitly listed as a diagnostic criterion in the DSM-5. The criteria include more specific symptoms like disorganized behavior and hallucinations.

Choice C reason:

Disorganized behavior is one of the core symptoms of schizophrenia according to the DSM-5. It includes behaviors that are inappropriate or not goal-directed, reflecting a disruption in normal functioning.

Choice D reason:

Antisocial personality is a separate diagnosis and not a criterion for schizophrenia. Schizophrenia and antisocial personality disorder are distinct conditions with different diagnostic criteria.

Choice E reason:

Hallucinations are a key symptom of schizophrenia. They involve perceiving things that are not present, such as hearing voices or seeing things that others do not see. Hallucinations are one of the primary positive symptoms of schizophrenia.

Choice F reason:

Lack of emotional expression, also known as affective flattening, is a negative symptom of schizophrenia. It involves a reduced ability to express emotions and is a significant criterion in the diagnosis of schizophrenia.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason:
Agreeing to send the information without the client’s consent is a breach of confidentiality. Healthcare providers must protect patient privacy and cannot disclose medical information without explicit permission from the client.
Choice B reason:
While obtaining the client’s signed consent is necessary before releasing information, this response still acknowledges that the person in question is a client, which could be a breach of confidentiality.
Choice C reason:
Stating that the information cannot be given out is correct, but it still indirectly confirms that the person is a client, which could be a breach of confidentiality.
Choice D reason:
“I am unable to acknowledge whether or not your employee is a client on this unit” is the most appropriate response. This statement protects the client’s privacy by not confirming or denying their presence in the unit, thus maintaining confidentiality.

A. Regression B. Projection C. Repression D. Suppression

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason:
Regression involves reverting to an earlier stage of development in response to stress. This defense mechanism is not indicated by Jake’s inability to recall specific details about his mother’s death.
Choice B reason:
Projection involves attributing one’s own unacceptable thoughts, feelings, or flaws to others. This defense mechanism does not explain Jake’s inability to remember details about his mother’s death.
Choice C reason:
Repression is a defense mechanism where distressing memories, thoughts, or feelings are unconsciously pushed out of conscious awareness. Jake’s inability to recall how old he was or the year his mother died suggests that he may be repressing these painful memories.
Choice D reason:
Suppression is a conscious effort to push distressing thoughts or feelings out of awareness. Since Jake is unable to recall specific details, it is more likely that repression, an unconscious process, is at play.

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A nurse is reviewing the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia. Which of the following symptoms must be present for a client to be diagnosed with schizophrenia? (Select all that apply.)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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