A nurse is reviewing the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia. Which of the following symptoms must be present for a client to be diagnosed with schizophrenia? (Select all that apply.)
Impaired interpersonal relationships
Inability to initiate activities
Disorganized behavior
Antisocial personality
Hallucinations
Lack of emotional expression
Correct Answer : C,E,F
Choice A reason:
Impaired interpersonal relationships can be a consequence of schizophrenia, but it is not a specific diagnostic criterion in the DSM-5. The criteria focus on more direct symptoms of the disorder.
Choice B reason:
Inability to initiate activities may be related to negative symptoms of schizophrenia, such as avolition, but it is not explicitly listed as a diagnostic criterion in the DSM-5. The criteria include more specific symptoms like disorganized behavior and hallucinations.
Choice C reason:
Disorganized behavior is one of the core symptoms of schizophrenia according to the DSM-5. It includes behaviors that are inappropriate or not goal-directed, reflecting a disruption in normal functioning.
Choice D reason:
Antisocial personality is a separate diagnosis and not a criterion for schizophrenia. Schizophrenia and antisocial personality disorder are distinct conditions with different diagnostic criteria.
Choice E reason:
Hallucinations are a key symptom of schizophrenia. They involve perceiving things that are not present, such as hearing voices or seeing things that others do not see. Hallucinations are one of the primary positive symptoms of schizophrenia.
Choice F reason:
Lack of emotional expression, also known as affective flattening, is a negative symptom of schizophrenia. It involves a reduced ability to express emotions and is a significant criterion in the diagnosis of schizophrenia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Having an empathetic relationship with the client is important, but it is not the most important principle. Empathy helps build trust and rapport, but the primary focus should always be on the client’s needs and experiences.
Choice B reason:
The client being the primary focus of the interaction is the most important principle in therapeutic communication. This ensures that the nurse’s attention and efforts are directed towards understanding and addressing the client’s concerns, promoting their well-being and recovery.
Choice C reason:
Self-disclosure by the nurse should be used sparingly and only when it benefits the client. While it can help build rapport, it is not the primary focus of therapeutic communication. The nurse’s primary role is to listen and support the client.
Choice D reason:
Recording the client’s conversations is not a standard practice in therapeutic communication and can breach confidentiality. The focus should be on creating a safe and trusting environment where the client feels comfortable sharing their thoughts and feelings.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Countertransference occurs when a healthcare provider projects their own feelings and experiences onto the client. In this case, the nurse is responding to the client as if they were their grandparent, which indicates that the nurse’s personal feelings are influencing their professional relationship.
Choice B reason:
Empathy involves understanding and sharing the feelings of another person. While empathy is important in nursing, it does not involve projecting personal relationships onto the client.
Choice C reason:
Transference occurs when a client projects feelings about important figures in their life onto the healthcare provider. This is the opposite of countertransference, where the provider projects their feelings onto the client.
Choice D reason:
Modeling involves demonstrating behaviors for others to imitate. It does not describe the emotional reaction of projecting personal feelings onto a client.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.