A nurse is reviewing guidelines to prevent DKA during periods of illness with a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

"Withhold your usual daily dose of insulin."

"Drink 240 to 360 milliliters of calorie-free liquids every 8 hours."

"Test your blood glucose level every 8 hours."

"Check your urine for ketones when blood glucose levels are greater than 240 mg/dL."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Incorrect. Withholding insulin during illness is not recommended. Clients with type 1 diabetes should continue to take their prescribed insulin even when they are ill. Insulin is necessary to regulate blood glucose levels, and illness can increase the body's demand for insulin.

B. Incorrect. Drinking calorie-free liquids is important to prevent dehydration during illness, but specific fluid amounts should be individualized based on the client's needs and healthcare provider's recommendations. The given volume is not a universally applicable guideline.

C. Incorrect. Testing blood glucose levels every 8 hours may not be frequent enough during illness. Blood glucose should be monitored more frequently to closely track changes in response to illness and adjust insulin doses accordingly.

D. Correct. Checking urine for ketones when blood glucose levels exceed 240 mg/dL is an important guideline during illness. Elevated blood glucose levels can lead to the production of ketones, and checking for ketones in the urine helps identify the early signs of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). If ketones are present, the client should follow a specific plan of action as outlined by their healthcare provider, which may include adjusting insulin doses or seeking medical attention.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Have an eye examination once per year - Regular eye examinations are crucial for detecting and managing retinopathy, a complication of diabetes that affects the eyes.

B. Examine your feet carefully every day - Daily foot examinations are essential to detect any early signs of foot problems, which is particularly important in preventing complications like nephropathy.

C. Wear compression stockings - Compression stockings are not directly related to preventing retinopathy and nephropathy in diabetes. They are more commonly used to improve blood flow in the legs.

D. "Maintain stable blood glucose levels" - While maintaining stable blood glucose levels is important for overall diabetes management, it is not specific to preventing retinopathy and nephropathy. It is a general principle for managing diabetes.

A. Tachycardia B. Moist clammy skin C. Polydipsia D. Blurred vision E. Polyuria

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

A. Tachycardia - This is an increased heart rate, which can occur in response to low blood sugar levels.

B. Moist clammy skin - Sweating and clamminess are common symptoms of hypoglycemia.

C. Polydipsia - This is excessive thirst, which is not typically a manifestation of hypoglycemia. It is more commonly associated with hyperglycemia (high blood sugar levels).

D. Blurred vision - This can occur when the eyes are not receiving enough glucose due to low blood sugar levels.

E. Polyuria - This is excessive urination, which is not typically a manifestation of hypoglycemia. It is more commonly associated with hyperglycemia.

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A nurse is reviewing guidelines to prevent DKA during periods of illness with a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching an older adult client who has diabetes mellitus about preventing the long term complications of retinopathy and nephropathy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

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