A nurse is reviewing a client's medical record and determines that the client has naturally acquired active immunity.
Which of the following would most likely apply?

The client who is exposed to chickenpox for the first time and has no immunity to the disease.

Administration of the varicella vaccine to an individual who has no immunity to the disease.

Administration of the influenza vaccine to an individual who has no immunity to the disease.

Administration of the rubella vaccine to an individual who has no immunity to the disease.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale:

Naturally acquired active immunity occurs when an individual is exposed to a disease-causing agent for the first time and develops immunity through their immune response. In this case, the client is exposed to chickenpox for the first time, and the immune system will produce antibodies to provide future protection.

Choice B rationale:

Administration of a vaccine (varicella vaccine) is an example of artificially acquired active immunity. The client's immune system responds to the weakened or inactivated pathogen in the vaccine to produce immunity. This choice does not represent naturally acquired immunity.

Choice C rationale:

Similar to choice B, administration of the influenza vaccine is an example of artificially acquired active immunity. The vaccine contains inactivated influenza virus components, prompting the individual's immune system to develop immunity.

Choice D rationale:

Administration of the rubella vaccine is another example of artificially acquired active immunity. The vaccine stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies against rubella, but this is not an example of naturally acquired immunity.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Staphylococcus is not typically associated with causing diarrhea or harm to the intestinal mucosa. Staphylococcus is more commonly linked to skin and soft tissue infections, as well as food poisoning.

Choice B rationale:

Salmonella is a bacterium that can harm the intestinal mucosa and is a common cause of foodborne illness. It can lead to symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, and vomiting, which can be severe and potentially damage the intestinal lining.

Choice C rationale:

Streptococcus is not a common cause of diarrhea or harm to the intestinal mucosa. Streptococcus species are more often associated with respiratory and throat infections.

Choice D rationale:

Pseudomonas is not a typical cause of diarrhea or harm to the intestinal mucosa. Pseudomonas is known for its association with healthcare-associated infections and is more often linked to conditions like pneumonia and urinary tract infections.

A. Hepatic impairment. B. Renal impairment. C. Diabetes. D. Hypertension.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Antiviral drugs are metabolized in the liver, and hepatic impairment can affect the metabolism and elimination of these drugs. Therefore, the nurse should administer antiviral therapy cautiously to clients with hepatic impairment to prevent potential drug toxicity. Hepatic impairment can alter the pharmacokinetics of antiviral drugs, leading to increased drug levels in the bloodstream.

Choice B rationale:

Renal impairment is not typically a contraindication for antiviral therapy. While some medications may require dose adjustments in patients with renal impairment, it is not a general concern for antiviral drugs. The primary organ responsible for the metabolism of antiviral drugs is the liver.

Choice C rationale:

Diabetes and hypertension are chronic medical conditions that are not directly related to the administration of antiviral therapy. These conditions do not significantly impact the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of antiviral drugs. Therefore, they are not primary factors to consider when administering antiviral therapy.

Choice D rationale:

Hypertension, like diabetes, is not directly related to the administration of antiviral therapy. Antiviral drugs primarily interact with the liver's metabolic pathways, and hypertension does not have a significant impact on drug metabolism.

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A nurse is reviewing a client's medical record and determines that the client has naturally acquired active immunity.Which of the following would most likely apply?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Antidiarrheals are contraindicated in clients whose diarrhea is associated with which of the following organisms that can harm the intestinal mucosa?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer antiviral therapy.The nurse integrates knowledge of this therapy, administering the drugs cautiously to clients with which of the following?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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A client who is on sulfonamide therapy is about to be discharged.Which of the following precautions should the nurse instruct the client to follow to reduce the effects of photosensitivity?

The parents of a child who is recovering from chickenpox tell the nurse that they gave the child aspirin for his fever.The nurse would be alert to the development of which of the following?

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A nurse is reviewing a client's medical record and determines that the client has naturally acquired active immunity.
Which of the following would most likely apply?