A client who is on sulfonamide therapy is about to be discharged.
Which of the following precautions should the nurse instruct the client to follow to reduce the effects of photosensitivity?
Wear protective clothing and sunscreen when outside.
Increase fluid intake.
Avoid lights while indoors.
Wear protective footwear.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
Wear protective clothing and sunscreen when outside. Rationale: Sulfonamide antibiotics, a type of medication mentioned in the question, can increase the skin's sensitivity to sunlight, leading to photosensitivity reactions. To reduce the effects of photosensitivity, the client should be instructed to wear protective clothing that covers the skin and to apply sunscreen with a high sun protection factor (SPF) when going outdoors. This helps shield the skin from harmful UV rays, reducing the risk of sunburn and other adverse reactions.
Choice B rationale:
Increase fluid intake. Rationale: Increasing fluid intake is a general recommendation for clients taking sulfonamide antibiotics to minimize the risk of crystalluria, a side effect that can result from inadequate hydration. Crystalluria is the formation of crystals in the urine and can lead to kidney stones. While staying hydrated is essential, it is not specifically related to reducing photosensitivity, which is the focus of this question.
Choice C rationale:
Avoid lights while indoors. Rationale: Avoiding lights while indoors is not a standard precaution to reduce the effects of photosensitivity caused by sulfonamide antibiotics. Photosensitivity primarily refers to the skin's heightened sensitivity to sunlight. Being indoors under regular lighting conditions should not significantly impact photosensitivity. The key precautions are related to outdoor sun exposure.
Choice D rationale:
Wear protective footwear. Rationale: Wearing protective footwear is not a standard precaution to reduce photosensitivity effects caused by sulfonamide antibiotics. Photosensitivity primarily affects the skin, not the feet. While protective footwear may be recommended in specific situations, such as in a construction or industrial setting, it is not directly related to reducing the risk of photosensitivity reactions.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice B rationale:
Increase fluid intake. Rationale: As mentioned earlier, increasing fluid intake is a general recommendation for clients taking sulfonamide antibiotics to prevent crystalluria. It is essential to stay well-hydrated, but it is not directly related to reducing photosensitivity, which is the focus of this question.
Choice C rationale:
Choice D rationale:
Wear protective footwear. Rationale: Wearing protective footwear is not a standard precaution to reduce photosensitivity effects caused by sulfonamide antibiotics. The focus of photosensitivity precautions is on protecting the skin from sunlight, not the feet. Protective footwear may be relevant in specific situations but is not directly related to reducing the risk of photosensitivity reactions.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Alkylating agents. Alkylating agents are not cell cycle-specific. These agents work by directly binding to DNA and interfering with the cell's ability to replicate and divide. Their action is not limited to a specific phase of the cell cycle, making them non-cell cycle-specific agents. Alkylating agents are often used in cancer chemotherapy to prevent cell division and growth.
Choice C rationale:
Antineoplastic antibiotics. Antineoplastic antibiotics are not cell cycle-specific either. These drugs, such as doxorubicin and bleomycin, work by disrupting DNA and RNA synthesis and are used to treat various types of cancer. However, they do not specifically target cells in a particular phase of the cell cycle.
Choice D rationale:
Retinoids. Retinoids are not cell cycle-specific antineoplastic agents. Retinoids are compounds related to vitamin A and are used for various medical purposes, including some cancer treatments. However, their mechanism of action is not tied to a specific phase of the cell cycle, making them non-cell cycle-specific.
Choice B rationale:
Plant alkaloids. Plant alkaloids, such as vinca alkaloids (vincristine and vinblastine) and taxanes (paclitaxel), are considered cell cycle-specific antineoplastic drugs. These agents interfere with microtubule function, which is critical during mitosis (cell division). By disrupting microtubules, they specifically target rapidly dividing cancer cells during the M phase of the cell cycle. This selectivity for actively dividing cells makes plant alkaloids cell cycle-specific antineoplastic drugs.
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