A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is to have plaster cast applied to his right arm. Which of the following information should the nurse include the teaching?
The client should use a hair dryer on a warm setting to relieve itching inside the cast.
The client can shower with the cast after 24 hr.
The client’s extremity should be elevated after the cast applied.
The client should keep the cast covered until it is dry
The Correct Answer is C
A) "The client should use a hair dryer on a warm setting to relieve itching inside the cast.": Using a hair dryer on a warm setting to relieve itching inside the cast is not recommended because it could potentially lead to burns or skin irritation. The client should avoid inserting objects inside the cast to scratch, as this could damage the skin or cause an infection.
B) "The client can shower with the cast after 24 hr.": A plaster cast is not waterproof, and the client should avoid getting it wet. Although the cast may feel dry on the outside after 24 hours, it typically takes about 48 hours or longer for a plaster cast to fully dry and harden. Showering with a plaster cast is not safe, as moisture could cause skin irritation or lead to the development of sores or infection.
C) "The client’s extremity should be elevated after the cast is applied.": Elevating the extremity after a cast is applied is a key teaching point to help reduce swelling and improve circulation. This is especially important during the first 24 to 48 hours after cast application. Elevation helps to prevent or manage swelling, which can be a common complication after an injury and cast application.
D) "The client should keep the cast covered until it is dry.": While it is important to keep a cast clean and dry during the drying process, the cast should not be covered with plastic or other materials that could trap moisture. The cast needs air circulation to dry properly, and covering it could lead to the cast becoming too moist, increasing the risk of skin issues or infection.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) Medical health insurance claims:
Medical health insurance claims are not relevant to the referral for physical therapy. This information is typically handled by billing departments and insurance providers. The focus of a physical therapy referral is on the patient's clinical condition and needs, not their insurance coverage.
B) Physical assessment findings:
This is the most relevant information to include in a referral for physical therapy. The physical assessment findings provide the physical therapist with important details about the client's mobility, strength, range of motion, and other factors that can guide the creation of an individualized therapy plan. These findings help the therapist understand the client's current physical capabilities and limitations.
C) Medications taken prior to admission:
While it is important for the healthcare team to be aware of the medications a client is taking, this information is not as crucial for the physical therapy referral itself. The physical therapist may need to know about medications if they have a direct impact on the client's physical functioning (e.g., sedatives or pain medications), but the primary focus for the referral would be on the physical assessment findings.
D) Family medical history:
Family medical history is typically relevant to a broader health assessment but is not generally included in a referral for physical therapy. The therapist will be more concerned with the client's current physical condition and functional abilities rather than the medical history of the client's family.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) "Put small cushion under the newborn's head for support.":
This statement is incorrect. Placing a small cushion or any additional padding under a newborn’s head in a car seat is not recommended. Extra padding can interfere with the proper fit of the harness and could pose a safety risk in the event of a crash. The car seat should be used as designed, without extra padding that could affect the infant's positioning.
B) "Position the car seat at a 90° angle.":
This statement is incorrect. The car seat should be positioned at a 45-degree angle, not 90 degrees. A 45-degree angle helps prevent the infant’s head from falling forward, which can obstruct the airway and cause breathing difficulties. Positioning the seat at the correct angle ensures that the baby’s head and neck are properly supported.
C) "Place the shoulder harnesses at the level of the infant's shoulders.":
This statement is correct. For optimal safety, the shoulder harness straps should be at or just below the infant's shoulders when they are in a rear-facing car seat. This positioning helps to keep the baby secure and ensures the harness fits properly in the event of an accident. The harness should be snug and positioned correctly to provide the best protection.
D) "Keep the airbag on if the car seat is in the front seat.":
This statement is incorrect. It is recommended that infants and young children always be placed in a rear-facing car seat in the back seat of the vehicle, as this is the safest position. Airbags can be dangerous to infants if the car seat is in the front seat. If the car seat must be placed in the front seat (which is not recommended), the airbag should be turned off to prevent injury in the event of a crash.
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