A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client who has generalized anxiety disorder and has been prescribed alprazolam. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client?
"Stop taking alprazolam right away if you experience abdominal discomfort."
"Watch for drowsiness and light-headedness while taking alprazolam."
"Drinking alcohol decreases the effectiveness of alprazolam."
"This medication has a low risk for physical dependence."
The Correct Answer is B
A. Abruptly stopping alprazolam can lead to withdrawal symptoms, and abdominal discomfort alone may not necessarily indicate a need for immediate cessation of the medication.
B. Alprazolam is a benzodiazepine with sedative properties, so drowsiness and light- headedness are common side effects. Patients should be cautious when engaging in activities requiring alertness, such as driving, while taking alprazolam.
C. Alcohol should be avoided while taking alprazolam due to the potential for increased sedation and central nervous system depression. However, it does not directly affect the effectiveness of the medication.
D. Alprazolam, like other benzodiazepines, has a high potential for physical dependence, and abrupt discontinuation can lead to withdrawal symptoms. Patients should be informed about the risk of dependence and the need for gradual tapering if discontinuation becomes necessary.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Methadone is an opioid agonist primarily used for the management of opioid dependence and chronic pain. It is not indicated for the treatment of alcohol withdrawal or delirium.
B. Acamprosate is a medication used to support abstinence in individuals who have recently stopped drinking alcohol. It is not typically used to manage acute alcohol withdrawal symptoms such as delirium tremens.
C. Disulfiram is a medication used as an aversive therapy to deter alcohol consumption by causing unpleasant reactions (e.g., flushing, nausea, vomiting) when alcohol is ingested. It is not indicated for the treatment of alcohol withdrawal or delirium.
D. Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine commonly used to manage alcohol withdrawal symptoms, including delirium tremens. It acts by enhancing the inhibitory effects of gamma- aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the central nervous system, thereby reducing the symptoms of alcohol withdrawal such as seizures.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. While risperidone can cause orthostatic hypotension, which may result in decreased blood pressure, it is not typically associated with elevated blood pressure.
B. Risperidone has been associated with metabolic side effects such as weight gain, dyslipidemia, and increased triglyceride levels, which can contribute to cardiovascular risk.
C. Risperidone is not typically associated with hypoglycemia; instead, it may lead to hyperglycemia or exacerbate existing diabetes.
D. Weight gain is a more common adverse effect of risperidone rather than weight loss.
Monitoring for weight gain is essential due to its association with metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk factors.
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