A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client who has generalized anxiety disorder and has been prescribed alprazolam. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client?

"Stop taking alprazolam right away if you experience abdominal discomfort."

"Watch for drowsiness and light-headedness while taking alprazolam."

"Drinking alcohol decreases the effectiveness of alprazolam."

"This medication has a low risk for physical dependence."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Abruptly stopping alprazolam can lead to withdrawal symptoms, and abdominal discomfort alone may not necessarily indicate a need for immediate cessation of the medication.
B.   Alprazolam is a benzodiazepine with sedative properties, so drowsiness and light- headedness are common side effects. Patients should be cautious when engaging in activities requiring alertness, such as driving, while taking alprazolam.
C.   Alcohol should be avoided while taking alprazolam due to the potential for increased sedation and central nervous system depression. However, it does not directly affect the effectiveness of the medication.
D.   Alprazolam, like other benzodiazepines, has a high potential for physical dependence, and abrupt discontinuation can lead to withdrawal symptoms. Patients should be informed about the risk of dependence and the need for gradual tapering if discontinuation becomes necessary.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Methylergonovine is not indicated for preventing postpartum infections. Its primary action is on uterine smooth muscle to induce contractions, rather than having antimicrobial properties.
B. While methylergonovine can cause hypertension as a side effect, it's not used to prevent hypertension. It is used primarily to prevent or treat postpartum hemorrhage by promoting uterine contraction.
C. Methylergonovine is a uterotonic medication used to prevent or treat postpartum hemorrhage by causing uterine contractions, thereby reducing the risk of excessive bleeding after childbirth.
D. Methylergonovine does not prevent thromboembolic events; its mechanism of action primarily involves stimulation of uterine smooth muscle contraction rather than affecting blood coagulation.

A. Decreased libido is an adverse effect of the medication. B. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels will increase while taking this medication. C. Avoid taking the medication with grapefruit juice. D. Expect to experience a response from the medication in 1 week.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Decreased libido is a potential adverse effect of finasteride due to its action on reducing dihydrotestosterone levels.
B. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels typically decrease while taking finasteride, not increase. It's important for the nurse to educate the client about the potential impact of finasteride on PSA levels and the interpretation of PSA tests.
C. Avoiding grapefruit juice is not specifically relevant to the use of finasteride. Grapefruit juice can interact with certain medications by affecting their metabolism, but this is not a concern with finasteride.
D. The effects of finasteride on BPH symptoms may take several months to become noticeable.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client who has generalized anxiety disorder and has been prescribed alprazolam. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client?

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