A nurse is caring for a client who begins showing signs of alcohol withdrawal delirium. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer?

Methadone

Acamprosate

Disulfiram

Lorazepam

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   Methadone is an opioid agonist primarily used for the management of opioid dependence and chronic pain. It is not indicated for the treatment of alcohol withdrawal or delirium.
B.   Acamprosate is a medication used to support abstinence in individuals who have recently stopped drinking alcohol. It is not typically used to manage acute alcohol withdrawal symptoms such as delirium tremens.
C.   Disulfiram is a medication used as an aversive therapy to deter alcohol consumption by causing unpleasant reactions (e.g., flushing, nausea, vomiting) when alcohol is ingested. It is not indicated for the treatment of alcohol withdrawal or delirium.
D.   Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine commonly used to manage alcohol withdrawal symptoms, including delirium tremens. It acts by enhancing the inhibitory effects of gamma- aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the central nervous system, thereby reducing the symptoms of alcohol withdrawal such as seizures.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Benztropine, an anticholinergic medication, can cause urinary retention or difficulty with urination as a side effect due to its anticholinergic properties. Clients should be instructed to report any difficulty voiding promptly, as it can lead to complications such as urinary tract infections or bladder distention.
B. Benztropine is not typically associated with diarrhea as an adverse effect.

C. While anticholinergic medications can cause tachycardia (increased heart rate) due to their anticholinergic effects, they are not associated with slow pulse.
D. Benztropine is used to decrease excessive salivation (sialorrhea) rather than causing it as an adverse effect.

A. Ginger root B. St. John's wort C. Gingko biloba D. Glucosamine

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Ginger root is not known to reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives significantly.

B. St. John's wort is an herbal supplement that can induce the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, leading to increased metabolism of oral contraceptives and potentially reducing their effectiveness. Women taking oral contraceptives should be cautioned against using St. John's wort or advised to use alternative contraceptive methods.
C. Gingko biloba is not known to reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives significantly.
D. Glucosamine is not known to reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives significantly.

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A nurse is caring for a client who begins showing signs of alcohol withdrawal delirium. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

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