A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is taking benztropine to treat Parkinson's disease. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following findings as an adverse effect of the medication?

Excessive salvation

Difficulty voiding

Diarrhea

Slow pulse

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Excessive salivation:

Excessive salivation is not a common adverse effect of benztropine. Instead, anticholinergic medications like benztropine often cause dry mouth, which is more common than excessive salivation.

B. Difficulty voiding:

Difficulty voiding, or urinary retention, is a potential adverse effect of anticholinergic medications like benztropine. Anticholinergic drugs can cause relaxation of the detrusor muscle in the bladder, leading to urinary retention. Therefore, the nurse should instruct the client to report any difficulty or inability to urinate.

C. Diarrhea:

Diarrhea is not a common adverse effect of benztropine. Instead, anticholinergic medications like benztropine typically cause constipation due to their antimuscarinic effects on the gastrointestinal tract.

D. Slow pulse:

Slow pulse, or bradycardia, is not a common adverse effect of benztropine. Instead, anticholinergic medications like benztropine may cause tachycardia (increased heart rate) due to their effects on the autonomic nervous system.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

A. Placing padding around or under the patient's head

This is a helpful instruction to include. Placing padding around or under the patient's head can help prevent injury during a seizure by cushioning the head against impact with the ground.

B. Positioning the patient on the side once the relaxation stage is entered to allow oral secretions to drain

This is a correct instruction. Positioning the patient on their side (recovery position) can help prevent aspiration if vomiting occurs during or after the seizure. It also helps clear oral secretions and maintain a clear airway.

C. Having the necessary equipment and/or personnel in case the patient doesn't spontaneously breathe when the seizure is over

This is an important instruction. It is crucial to have emergency equipment (such as oxygen and suction) readily available and to be prepared to provide respiratory support if the patient does not spontaneously breathe after the seizure.

D. Inserting a tongue depressor in the patient's mouth

This is an incorrect instruction. It is not recommended to insert anything into the patient's mouth during a seizure as it can cause injury to the teeth, gums, or airway. Additionally, it is a common misconception that tongue swallowing occurs during seizures, which is rare.

E. Noting the time the seizure started

This is a critical instruction. Noting the time the seizure started helps healthcare providers assess the duration of the seizure and determine if medical intervention is necessary. It also helps monitor the patient's recovery and response to treatment.

F. Holding the patient down to prevent injury

This is an incorrect instruction. Holding the patient down during a seizure can cause injury to both the patient and the person restraining them. It is important to create a safe environment by removing hazards and guiding the patient away from dangerous objects or situations, but holding them down is not appropriate.

A. B6 B. A C. E D. K E. C

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. B6 (Pyridoxine):

Vitamin B6, also known as pyridoxine, is known to reduce the therapeutic effects of levodopa. It competes with levodopa for absorption in the gastrointestinal tract and can decrease the amount of levodopa that reaches the brain, thereby diminishing its effectiveness in treating Parkinson's disease symptoms.

B. A (Retinol):

Vitamin A, also known as retinol, is not typically associated with reducing the therapeutic effects of levodopa. Vitamin A plays important roles in vision, immune function, and cellular communication, but it does not interact with levodopa in a way that affects its therapeutic efficacy.

C. E (Alpha-Tocopherol):

Vitamin E, also known as alpha-tocopherol, is an antioxidant that plays a role in protecting cells from oxidative damage. While vitamin E supplementation is sometimes used in Parkinson's disease management for its potential neuroprotective effects, it is not known to reduce the therapeutic effects of levodopa.

D. K (Phylloquinone):

Vitamin K, also known as phylloquinone, is primarily involved in blood clotting and bone metabolism. It does not interact with levodopa in a way that reduces its therapeutic effects.

E. C (Ascorbic Acid):

Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is not known to reduce the therapeutic effects of levodopa. While vitamin C has various roles in the body, including antioxidant activity and immune function support, it does not interfere with levodopa absorption or efficacy.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is taking benztropine to treat Parkinson's disease. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following findings as an adverse effect of the medication?

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