A nurse is reinforcing teaching about foot care to a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Apply lotion between toes.

Use a heating pad to warm feet.

Apply cotton socks to feet daily

Inspect appearance of feet weekly.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Apply lotion between toes: Lotion should not be applied between the toes because the moisture can promote fungal infections. Instead, lotion can be applied to the tops and bottoms of the feet to prevent dryness and cracking.

B. Use a heating pad to warm feet: Clients with diabetes often have decreased sensation in their feet and using heating pads can cause burns without them realizing it. Safer methods, like wearing warm socks, should be used to keep feet warm.

C. Apply cotton socks to feet daily: Wearing clean, dry cotton socks daily helps protect the feet, maintain warmth, and absorb moisture, reducing the risk of fungal infections and skin breakdown, which are common concerns for clients with diabetes.

D. Inspect appearance of feet weekly: Clients with diabetes should inspect their feet daily, not weekly. Daily inspection helps catch cuts, blisters, or signs of infection early to prevent serious complications such as ulcers or amputations.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Inject 15 units of air into the regular insulin vial: After injecting air into the NPH vial without drawing up the medication, the next step is to inject air into the regular insulin vial. This maintains the correct order and prevents contamination of the regular insulin with the cloudy NPH insulin.

B. Withdraw 10 units of NPH insulin: NPH insulin should not be withdrawn first because it is cloudy and could contaminate the regular insulin if mixed incorrectly. Regular insulin, which is clear, should always be drawn up before NPH when mixing in the same syringe.

C. Verify the dosage with another nurse: Verifying insulin doses with another nurse is necessary but is typically done after the insulin is prepared and drawn up. At this stage, the immediate step is to complete proper air injection into both vials before drawing any insulin.

D. Place the cap over the needle: Recapping needles increases the risk of accidental needlestick injuries and should be avoided unless absolutely necessary. There is no need to recap at this stage in the insulin preparation process.

A. Active movement is present B. Pain is 4 on scale of 0 to 10 C. Capillary refit is less than 2 seconds D. Skin is cool to the touch

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Active movement is present: The presence of active movement in the fingers and toes of the affected arm indicates that nerve and muscle function are intact, which is a positive finding. It indicates there is no impairment in function of the affected arm.

B. Pain is 4 on scale of 0 to 10: A pain level of 4 is moderate pain and might be expected after a fracture. As long as pain is being managed appropriately with prescribed medications and no other concerning symptoms are present, it does not necessarily require immediate reporting.

C. Capillary refill is less than 2 seconds: A capillary refill time of less than 2 seconds is normal. This suggests good blood flow to the affected arm and is not an issue that needs reporting.

D. Skin is cool to the touch: A cool skin temperature on the affected arm could indicate impaired circulation, possibly due to swelling or tightness of the cast, which could lead to compartment syndrome—a serious condition that requires immediate intervention. Therefore, this finding should be reported to the provider immediately.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching about foot care to a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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