The nurse is reviewing the findings.

For each finding, click to specify if the finding is consistent with preeclampsia or HELLP syndrome. Each finding may support more than one disease process.

Blood pressure

Platelet count

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)

Hemoglobin

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"A,B"},"C":{"answers":"A,B"},"D":{"answers":"A"}}

Blood pressure: The client's significantly elevated blood pressure (162/112 mm Hg and 166/110 mm Hg) is characteristic of preeclampsia, which is defined by new-onset hypertension after 20 weeks of gestation. Hypertension is a major diagnostic criterion for preeclampsia but is not required for diagnosing HELLP syndrome.
Platelet count: The platelet count of 98,000/mm³ is lower than normal, supporting both preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome. In preeclampsia, thrombocytopenia can occur as the disease progresses, and in HELLP syndrome, low platelets are one of the triad components (Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, Low Platelet count).
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT): An ALT level of 40 Units/L is above the normal limit, indicating liver involvement. Elevated liver enzymes occur in both severe preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome, reflecting hepatic dysfunction or injury caused by systemic endothelial damage.
Hemoglobin: A hemoglobin of 18.0 g/dL is unusually high and suggests hemoconcentration, which is typical of preeclampsia due to fluid shifts out of the vascular space. In contrast, HELLP syndrome typically causes hemolysis leading to anemia, where hemoglobin would be expected to be low rather than elevated.

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. A client who has hearing loss with a friend interpreting: A friend interpreting does not meet the legal standards for ensuring accurate communication during informed consent. A licensed medical interpreter should be used to avoid misunderstandings and to ensure that the client fully understands the risks, benefits, and alternatives of the procedure before consenting.

B. A client who has not spoken with the provider yet: Informed consent requires that the provider explain the procedure, risks, benefits, and alternatives directly to the client. Without this discussion, the client lacks the necessary information to make an educated decision and cannot legally or ethically provide informed consent.

C. A 15-year-old client whose caregiver is not at the bedside: Minors generally cannot give legal informed consent without a parent or legal guardian present, unless specific exceptions apply (such as for emancipated minors). A 15-year-old without their caregiver present does not meet the criteria for giving valid informed consent for surgical procedures.

D. A married 16-year-old client accompanied by their spouse: A married minor is considered emancipated in most jurisdictions and can legally make healthcare decisions, including providing informed consent. Their marital status grants them the legal autonomy needed to consent to medical treatments without requiring parental involvement.

A. Administer the tablet to the client with applesauce. B. Position the client at a 45 angle C. Crush the tablet and mix it in pudding for the client. D. Instruct the client to tilt their head back when swallowing

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Administer the tablet to the client with applesauce: Administering the tablet with a small amount of soft food like applesauce can help facilitate swallowing without altering the integrity of the enteric coating. This method eases the swallowing process while ensuring the medication is delivered properly.

B. Position the client at a 45-degree angle: Clients who have difficulty swallowing should be positioned in an upright 90-degree sitting position, not at 45 degrees, to reduce the risk of aspiration and promote safer swallowing mechanics.

C. Crush the tablet and mix it in pudding for the client: Enteric-coated tablets should never be crushed, as crushing destroys the protective coating designed to prevent the medication from being released in the stomach, potentially causing irritation or reducing drug effectiveness.

D. Instruct the client to tilt their head back when swallowing: Tilting the head back increases the risk of choking and aspiration, especially in clients with swallowing difficulties. It is safer to encourage tucking the chin slightly down when swallowing to help protect the airway.

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The nurse is reviewing the findings. For each finding, click to specify if the finding is consistent with preeclampsia or HELLP syndrome. Each finding may support more than one disease process.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assisting in the care of a group of clients in the preoperative unit. Which of the following clients can give informed consent?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is administering an enteric-coated medication to an adult client who has right-sided weakness and is having difficulty swallowing tablet. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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The nurse is reviewing the findings.

For each finding, click to specify if the finding is consistent with preeclampsia or HELLP syndrome. Each finding may support more than one disease process.