A nurse is collecting data from a client who is experiencing delirium. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Echopraxia

Aphasia

Acute onset of confusion

Inability to read

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Echopraxia, mimicking movements, is linked to psychiatric conditions like schizophrenia, not delirium. Delirium features disordered cognition from physiological causes (e.g., infection), not motor imitation. Scientifically, this lacks relevance to delirium’s acute, fluctuating mental state driven by underlying medical issues.

Choice B reason: Aphasia, a language deficit, stems from brain damage (e.g., stroke), not delirium’s reversible cognitive disruption. Delirium affects attention and awareness, not specific linguistic skills. Scientifically, this is distinct from delirium’s diffuse, temporary confusion tied to systemic or metabolic disturbances.

Choice C reason: Acute onset of confusion defines delirium, a sudden cognitive decline from causes like infection or drugs. It’s reversible with treatment, featuring inattention and disorientation, aligning with scientific criteria as a hallmark symptom distinguishing it from chronic conditions like dementia.

Choice D reason: Inability to read relates to literacy or focal brain injury, not delirium. Delirium impairs global cognition—attention and memory—not specific skills like reading unless confusion interferes indirectly. Scientifically, this isn’t a core feature, as delirium’s impact is broader and transient.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Applying suction while inserting risks trauma to nasal mucosa, as continuous pressure can tear delicate tissues or cause bleeding. Proper technique involves inserting without suction, then applying it on withdrawal to safely remove secretions, minimizing injury and ensuring effective clearance without damaging the airway lining.

Choice B reason: Intermittent suction for 30 seconds exceeds safe limits; guidelines recommend 10-15 seconds to avoid hypoxia. Prolonged suction depletes oxygen in the airway, especially in nasopharyngeal suctioning, where ventilation is obstructed, risking respiratory distress or cardiac complications in an adult client with compromised breathing.

Choice C reason: Inserting the catheter 10 cm (4 in) is too shallow for nasopharyngeal suctioning in adults, where 16-20 cm reaches the pharynx. Insufficient depth fails to clear secretions effectively, leaving mucus in lower airways, potentially worsening obstruction or infection, as the catheter must target the secretion source accurately.

Choice D reason: Waiting 1 minute between attempts allows oxygen levels to stabilize, preventing hypoxia during nasopharyngeal suctioning. This interval ensures the client reoxygenates after airway occlusion, reducing risks of desaturation or arrhythmia, aligning with safe practice to maintain respiratory stability while clearing mucus effectively in adults.

A. "My husband won’t need medication for breakthrough pain while using music therapy." B. "I will discontinue music therapy when my husband is no longer responsive." C. "Playing music will increase my husband’s alertness." D. "Music will distract my husband’s awareness of the pain."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Music therapy reduces pain perception but doesn’t eliminate breakthrough pain needs. Scientifically, it’s an adjunct, not a replacement, for analgesics, as severe pain signals persist despite auditory distraction, indicating misunderstanding of its supplementary role in hospice care.

Choice B reason: Discontinuing music when unresponsive overlooks its passive benefits, like comfort, even in unconscious states. Scientifically, auditory stimuli can soothe, suggesting continued use, not cessation, misaligning with hospice goals for holistic pain management.

Choice C reason: Increasing alertness contradicts music therapy’s calming effect in hospice, aimed at relaxation, not stimulation. Scientifically, it lowers arousal to ease pain perception, not heighten awareness, showing a misgrasp of its palliative intent.

Choice D reason: Music distracts from pain by engaging the brain’s auditory cortex, reducing focus on nociceptive signals. Scientifically, this aligns with gate control theory, where non-painful stimuli mitigate pain perception, reflecting accurate understanding of its role in hospice care.

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A nurse is collecting data from a client who is experiencing delirium. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is performing nasopharyngeal suctioning for an adult client. Which of the following techniques should the nurse use?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the partner of a client who is receiving hospice care about music therapy for pain management. Which of the following statements by the partner indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who reports he has headaches after taking chewable isosorbide dinitrate. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

A nurse is reinforcing teaching about the side effects of metoprolol. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?

A nurse is collecting data from a client who reports feeling stress. Which of the following should the nurse identify as an external stressor?

A nurse is collecting data from a client who is 2 days postpartum. The client tells the nurse she cannot afford to pay for baby formula. The nurse should refer the client to which of the following members of the interprofessional team?

A nurse is working with a client who becomes combative and threatens other clients and staff. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A nurse is caring for a child who has terminal cancer. Which of the following responses by the child’s school-age brother should the nurse expect?

A nurse is caring for a client who is 2 days postoperative following an above-the-knee amputation. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to promote progression toward independence and mobility for the client?

A nurse at a long-term care facility is reviewing the plan of care for a client who has a prescription for mitten restraints. Which of the following tasks should the nurse assign to an assistive personnel?