A nurse is reinforcing teaching about the side effects of metoprolol. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I need to be careful when standing up from bed."

"I should limit my intake of leafy green vegetables."

"I should expect some weight loss."

"I may experience loss of taste."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Metoprolol, a beta-blocker, lowers BP, causing orthostatic hypotension. Caution when standing prevents falls, showing grasp of this key side effect.

Choice B reason: Leafy greens affect warfarin, not metoprolol. No dietary restriction applies, so this reflects confusion about beta-blocker side effects.

Choice C reason: Weight gain, not loss, may occur with metoprolol from fluid retention. Expecting loss misinterprets its metabolic impact, indicating misunderstanding.

Choice D reason: Taste loss isn’t a metoprolol effect; it’s linked to other drugs. This shows incorrect attribution of side effects to the medication.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Increased caloric intake contradicts methylphenidate’s appetite-suppressant effect, a stimulant for ADHD. It boosts dopamine and norepinephrine, enhancing focus, not hunger. This suggests ineffectiveness or misreporting, as the drug typically reduces eating, misaligning with its pharmacological action on behavior.

Choice B reason: A better grasp of reality is vague and unrelated to ADHD or methylphenidate’s core effects. The drug improves attention and impulse control, not perception of reality, which is more relevant to psychosis. This does not indicate efficacy for ADHD scientifically.

Choice C reason: Weight loss is a common side effect of methylphenidate due to appetite suppression, not a direct efficacy marker. While it may occur, it does not confirm improved ADHD symptoms like focus, making it secondary to the drug’s therapeutic goal in treatment.

Choice D reason: Completing homework on time reflects improved focus and impulse control, methylphenidate’s primary goals in ADHD. By increasing dopamine in the prefrontal cortex, it enhances executive function, enabling task completion, a direct measure of efficacy per scientific intent.

A. Epigastric pain B. Seizure activity C. Sudden loss of vision in one eye D. Pain radiating down the left arm

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Epigastric pain suggests GI issues, not TIAs. In hypertension, TIAs affect cerebral vessels, causing neurological deficits, not abdominal symptoms like this.

Choice B reason: Seizures stem from cortical irritation, not typical TIA vascular occlusion. Hypertension-related TIAs produce transient deficits, not convulsive activity usually.

Choice C reason: Sudden monocular vision loss (amaurosis fugax) is a classic TIA sign in hypertension. It reflects temporary retinal artery occlusion, resolving quickly.

Choice D reason: Left arm pain mimics cardiac issues, not TIAs. Hypertension TIAs target brain circulation, causing focal deficits, not referred pain patterns.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching about the side effects of metoprolol. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

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Correct Answer is C

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