A nurse in a provider's office is caring for a group of clients who have communicable diseases.
Which of the following infections should the nurse report to the state health department?

Sarcoptes scabiei.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Human papillomavirus.

Impetigo contagiosa.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale:

Sarcoptes scabiei is the causative agent of scabies, a contagious skin infestation. While scabies is a communicable disease, it is typically not a reportable disease to the state health department. Scabies is usually treated at the individual or community level, and reporting to the state health department is not required.

Choice B rationale:

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is the bacterium responsible for gonorrhea, a sexually transmitted infection. Gonorrhea is a notifiable disease, and healthcare providers are required to report cases of gonorrhea to the state health department. This is because gonorrhea is a significant public health concern due to its potential complications and the need for contact tracing and prevention.

Choice C rationale:

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a very common sexually transmitted infection, but it is typically not a reportable disease to the state health department. HPV can lead to various health issues, including genital warts and certain types of cancer. However, reporting HPV cases is not a standard practice because it is highly prevalent and usually managed at the individual level through screening and vaccination programs.

Choice D rationale:

Impetigo contagiosa is a bacterial skin infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes. While it is contagious, impetigo is not typically a reportable disease to the state health department. Like scabies, impetigo is usually managed at the individual or community level, and reporting is not a standard requirement.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

"This medication can increase your risk for sunburn." Ciprofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, can increase the risk of sunburn and photosensitivity reactions. Patients taking this medication should be advised to use sunscreen, wear protective clothing, and avoid excessive sun exposure to prevent sunburn.

Choice B rationale:

"Take an antacid if the medication causes gastrointestinal upset." Ciprofloxacin should not be taken with antacids or other products containing calcium, magnesium, aluminum, or iron, as these can interfere with its absorption. Therefore, advising the patient to take an antacid with ciprofloxacin is incorrect.

Choice C rationale:

"Restrict your daily fluid intake while taking this medication." There is no need to restrict fluid intake while taking ciprofloxacin. In fact, it is important for patients to stay well-hydrated to prevent potential side effects like crystalluria. Adequate fluid intake helps dilute the urine and reduce the risk of crystal formation.

Choice D rationale:

"Expect to experience diarrhea while taking this medication." Diarrhea can be a side effect of ciprofloxacin, but it is not something patients should necessarily expect. While gastrointestinal upset is a known side effect, not everyone who takes the medication will experience diarrhea. Patients should be advised to report any severe or persistent diarrhea to their healthcare provider.

A. Decreased kidney function. B. Increased liver function. C. Increased metabolism. D. Decreased pulmonary function.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

This is the correct answer. Older adults often experience decreased kidney function as a normal part of aging. Medications that are excreted primarily by the kidneys may require dosage adjustments to prevent potential toxicity.

Choice B rationale:

Increased liver function is not a typical physiological change in older adults. Liver function tends to decrease with age, which can affect the metabolism and clearance of certain medications.

Choice C rationale:

Increased metabolism is not a common physiological change in older adults. Metabolic rate tends to decrease with age, which can affect the metabolism of drugs.

Choice D rationale:

While pulmonary function may decrease with age, it is not the primary physiological change to consider when administering medications to older adults. Kidney function is a more critical factor in medication dosing for this population.

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A nurse in a provider's office is caring for a group of clients who have communicable diseases.Which of the following infections should the nurse report to the state health department?

Nursing Test Bank

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A nurse in a provider's office is caring for a group of clients who have communicable diseases.
Which of the following infections should the nurse report to the state health department?