A nurse is caring for a client who has lung cancer. The client tells the nurse they do not want to be resuscitated in the event of a cardiac arrest. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

"Let me explain the pros and cons of your decision."

"I will support your decision and help you explain it to others."

"I will send the social worker in to discuss this decision with you."

"I suggest you discuss this decision with your family first."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Explaining pros and cons informs but may pressure the client. Supporting autonomy respects their choice, aligning with lung cancer end-of-life preferences better.

Choice B reason: Supporting the client’s DNR decision upholds autonomy and aids communication. In lung cancer, respecting end-of-life wishes is critical, making this the best response.

Choice C reason: Involving a social worker delegates support, not directly honoring the client’s wish. Nurses should first affirm autonomy in such terminal cancer scenarios.

Choice D reason: Suggesting family discussion undermines autonomy, adding burden. The client’s decision in advanced cancer should be respected without implying external validation needs.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Fidelity is keeping promises and maintaining trust, as the nurse commits to walking daily with the client. This builds therapeutic reliability, reducing anxiety through consistent support, aligning with ethical standards where honoring commitments fosters psychological safety and strengthens the nurse-patient relationship scientifically.

Choice B reason: Justice involves fair resource distribution, not individual promises like walking with a client. This scenario focuses on personal commitment, not equity among patients. Ethically, justice applies to systemic fairness, lacking relevance to this specific supportive action grounded in trust-building principles.

Choice C reason: Nonmaleficence means avoiding harm, but promising to walk exceeds mere harm prevention, aiming to alleviate anxiety actively. While it supports well-being, it’s not the primary principle here. Scientifically, this is more about trust than just safety, distinguishing it from nonmaleficence’s core intent.

Choice D reason: Autonomy respects client decisions, but the nurse’s promise is her initiative, not the client’s choice. It supports, not directs, independence. Ethically, autonomy focuses on self-determination, whereas this action reflects commitment, making fidelity the more fitting principle in this scenario.

A. Moves objects to mouth B. Anterior fontanel closed C. Rolls from back to abdomen D. Posterior fontanel closed

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Mouthing objects is normal at 4 months, aiding exploration and teething. It’s developmentally appropriate, not requiring provider notification at this stage.

Choice B reason: Anterior fontanel closure before 9-18 months may signal craniosynostosis, affecting brain growth. This premature finding warrants urgent provider evaluation.

Choice C reason: Rolling back to abdomen is a 4-6-month milestone, expected here. It’s a healthy motor development sign, not needing provider attention.

Choice D reason: Posterior fontanel often closes by 2-3 months, normal at 4 months. This aligns with typical infant skull development, not a concern.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has lung cancer. The client tells the nurse they do not want to be resuscitated in the event of a cardiac arrest. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse in a mental health facility is caring for a client who expresses anxiety about exercising in the outdoor courtyard. The nurse promises to walk with the client in the courtyard each day. Which of the following ethical principles is the nurse demonstrating?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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