A nurse is caring for a client who has lung cancer. The client tells the nurse they do not want to be resuscitated in the event of a cardiac arrest. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

Choice A reason: Memory loss disrupting ADLs is a dementia hallmark, as progressive neuronal death impairs recall and function. Scientifically, this defines dementia (e.g., Alzheimer’s), distinguishing it from acute states, aligning with chronic cognitive decline impacting daily life per neurological evidence.

Choice B reason: Acute confusion is delirium, not dementia, which develops gradually. Scientifically, dementia’s insidious onset contrasts with delirium’s rapid shift, driven by reversible causes (e.g., infection), making this uncharacteristic of dementia’s chronic progression.

Choice C reason: Illusions (misinterpretations) may occur in dementia but aren’t defining; memory loss is core Jr.. Scientifically, perceptual errors are secondary to cognitive decay, not a primary expectation, as dementia targets memory over sensory processing initially.

Choice D reason: Catatonia, motor immobility, is tied to psychiatric or neurological crises, not dementia. Scientifically, dementia affects cognition, not movement primarily, making this rare and untypical compared to memory-driven functional loss in its pathology.

Choice A reason: A bedside table 2 feet away hinders reach, increasing fall risk. It should be closer for safe access to essentials in bed.

Choice B reason: Dim lighting obscures hazards, raising fall risk. Bright, even illumination is needed to enhance visibility for a client prone to falling.

Choice C reason: Area rugs on slick floors create tripping hazards, worsening fall risk. Secure or remove them to stabilize footing for safety.

Choice D reason: Moving the bed downstairs eliminates stair falls, a major risk. It’s a key environmental adaptation for safe mobility in at-risk clients.