A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a group of clients about taking recommended folic acid supplements prior to conception and throughout pregnancy as primary prevention. Which of the following conditions can occur in the neonate as the result of folic acid deficiency?

Hyperbilirubinemia

Hyperemesis gravidarum

Iron deficiency anemia

Neural tube defects

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Hyperbilirubinemia: Hyperbilirubinemia in neonates is commonly due to immature liver function and the breakdown of red blood cells after birth. It is not linked to maternal folic acid deficiency and would not be prevented through maternal folic acid supplementation.

B. Hyperemesis gravidarum: Hyperemesis gravidarum is a severe form of nausea and vomiting that occurs during pregnancy, affecting the mother rather than the neonate. Folic acid supplementation does not prevent this condition, as it is more related to hormonal changes during pregnancy.

C. Iron deficiency anemia: Iron deficiency anemia occurs when there is an inadequate amount of iron, not folic acid, in the mother’s or infant’s diet. While iron is important during pregnancy for both the mother and the developing fetus, folic acid deficiency primarily affects neural tube development, not iron levels or red blood cell production in the same way. Iron supplementation is recommended during pregnancy to prevent iron deficiency anemia.

D. Neural tube defects: Neural tube defects, such as spina bifida and anencephaly, are directly linked to folic acid deficiency during early pregnancy. Adequate folic acid intake before conception and during early pregnancy significantly reduces the risk of these serious birth defects affecting the brain and spine.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. An assistive personnel weighs and bathes the newborn in an empty client room: While this may not be ideal practice depending on facility policy, it does not necessarily indicate a security threat unless the newborn is removed from secured areas without authorization.

B. Another nurse on the unit requests to take the newborn to the nursery to obtain newborn screening: It is common for nurses to transport newborns for necessary procedures, provided proper identification protocols are followed. This situation does not automatically trigger a security alert.

C. The caregiver and newborn have matching hospital identification bracelets: Matching ID bracelets are part of the standard safety protocol to ensure correct infant identification and prevent abduction. This situation demonstrates proper security measures.

D. A hospital volunteer leaves the unit with the newborn to allow the caregiver to rest: Volunteers are not authorized to transport newborns outside of secured areas. This action represents a serious breach of security and requires the immediate initiation of a security alert to prevent potential abduction or harm.

A. Disposes of contaminated sheets in a linen bag B. Wears clean gloves when performing oral hygiene C. Empties the sharps container when it is full D. Wears an N95 mask when bathing a client who has Clostridium difficile

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Disposes of contaminated sheets in a linen bag: Contaminated linens should be placed in a designated leak-proof bag, often specifically marked for contaminated items. Simply disposing of them in a regular linen bag without proper precautions could lead to the spread of infection.

B. Wears clean gloves when performing oral hygiene: Wearing clean gloves during oral care is an effective and appropriate use of supplies to maintain standard precautions and protect both the client and the caregiver from potential contamination.

C. Empties the sharps container when it is full: The sharps container should be emptied when it is three-quarters full, not completely full. Waiting until it is full increases the risk of needlestick injuries and improper disposal practices.

D. Wears an N95 mask when bathing a client who has Clostridium difficile: For Clostridium difficile, the appropriate personal protective equipment includes gloves and a gown, not an N95 mask. C. difficile is transmitted via contact with spores, not through airborne particles.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a group of clients about taking recommended folic acid supplements prior to conception and throughout pregnancy as primary prevention. Which of the following conditions can occur in the neonate as the result of folic acid deficiency?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is supervising an assistive personnel (AP) who is providing client care. The nurse should identify that which of the following actions by the AP demonstrates effective use of supplies?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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