A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has long-term symptoms of GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease). Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the educational materials?

“It is important to follow up with a GI specialist for recommended surveillance for Barrett’s esophagus.”

“You will need to monitor for manifestations of liver issues.”

“Follow up with an endocrinologist as your risk for diabetes increases.”

“It is important to watch for manifestations of pancreatic cancer.”

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A Reason:

This is the correct answer. Long-term GERD can lead to Barrett’s esophagus, a condition where the esophageal lining changes and can increase the risk of developing esophageal cancer. Regular surveillance by a GI specialist is crucial for early detection and management of Barrett’s esophagus.

Choice B Reason:

Monitoring for liver issues is not directly related to GERD. While liver health is important, it is not a primary concern for patients with long-term GERD.

Choice C Reason:

There is no direct link between GERD and an increased risk of diabetes. Therefore, follow-up with an endocrinologist for diabetes risk is not specifically relevant to GERD management.

Choice D Reason:

Pancreatic cancer is not a known complication of GERD. The primary concerns with long-term GERD are esophageal complications, such as Barrett’s esophagus and esophageal cancer.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

This option suggests removing the mask before removing gloves. However, the correct procedure is to remove gloves first, followed by the mask, to prevent contamination from the gloves to the face.

Choice B Reason:

This is the correct answer. Medical masks should be discarded after each use to prevent contamination and ensure effectiveness. Reusing masks can lead to the spread of pathogens.

Choice C Reason:

While positioning the mask correctly is important, the statement contains an error. The flexible metal piece should be at the top of the mask, not the bottom.

Choice D Reason:

Touching the front of the mask while wearing it is incorrect as it can lead to contamination. The front of the mask is considered contaminated, and touching it can transfer pathogens to the hands.

A. The client should maintain systolic BP between 130 and 135 mm Hg. B. The client should maintain systolic BP between 141 and 145 mm Hg. C. The client should maintain systolic BP between 136 and 140 mm Hg. D. The client should maintain systolic BP between 120 and 129 mm Hg.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A Reason: The client should maintain systolic BP between 130 and 135 mm Hg

Maintaining a systolic BP between 130 and 135 mm Hg is higher than the recommended range for someone who has experienced a transient ischemic attack (TIA). According to the American Heart Association, the goal for systolic BP in patients with a history of TIA or stroke should be lower to reduce the risk of recurrent events. While this range is not extremely high, it is still above the optimal target for secondary prevention.

Choice B Reason: The client should maintain systolic BP between 141 and 145 mm Hg

This range is significantly higher than the recommended target for systolic BP in patients with hypertension and a history of TIA. Elevated BP in this range increases the risk of recurrent stroke and other cardiovascular events. Effective BP management is crucial in reducing these risks, and maintaining a systolic BP in this range would not be advisable.

Choice C Reason: The client should maintain systolic BP between 136 and 140 mm Hg

Although this range is slightly lower than choice B, it is still above the optimal target for patients with a history of TIA. Research indicates that tighter BP control can significantly reduce the risk of recurrent strokes. Therefore, maintaining a systolic BP in this range would not be ideal for secondary prevention.

Choice D Reason: The client should maintain systolic BP between 120 and 129 mm Hg

This range aligns with the current guidelines for BP management in patients with a history of TIA or stroke. Maintaining a systolic BP between 120 and 129 mm Hg helps reduce the risk of recurrent cerebrovascular events4. This target is considered optimal for secondary prevention and is supported by evidence from various studies and clinical guidelines.

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A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has long-term symptoms of GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease). Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the educational materials?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about wearing medical masks. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has hypertension that has resulted in a transient ischemic attack (TIA). Which of the following information should the nurse discuss with the client regarding blood pressure (BP) management?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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