A nurse is preparing to admit a client who has a new diagnosis of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The nurse should plan to place the client in which of the following types of transmission-based precautions?

Choice A Reason: Crohn’s disease looks like what would appear to be a second-degree burn in the colon and rectum areas only

This description is not accurate for Crohn’s disease. Crohn’s disease can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus, not just the colon and rectum. Additionally, describing it as a second-degree burn is misleading as it does not accurately represent the nature of the inflammation and ulceration seen in Crohn’s disease.

Choice B Reason: Crohn’s disease is characterized by a transmural granulomatous inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract

While this statement is medically accurate, it is not simplistic or non-medical. It uses technical terms like “transmural” and “granulomatous inflammation,” which may be difficult for a client to understand without a medical background. The goal is to provide a description that is easy to comprehend.

Choice C Reason: Crohn’s disease causes continuous inflammation of the mucosa and sub-mucosa of the colon and rectal linings

This description is more fitting for ulcerative colitis, another type of inflammatory bowel disease. Crohn’s disease is characterized by patchy areas of inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract, not just the colon and rectum. Therefore, this statement does not accurately describe Crohn’s disease.

Choice D Reason: Crohn’s disease has the appearance of a patchwork quilt with some areas that are clear and some with sores

This description is the most simplistic and non-medical. It effectively conveys the nature of Crohn’s disease, which involves patchy areas of inflammation interspersed with healthy tissue, resembling a patchwork quilt. This analogy helps clients visualize the condition without needing to understand complex medical terminology.

Choice A Reason: Try to defecate at different times of the day

This statement is not advisable for clients with constipation. Regularity is key in managing constipation. Encouraging the client to try to defecate at the same time each day can help establish a routine and improve bowel regularity. The body’s natural circadian rhythms can aid in this process, making it easier to have a bowel movement at a consistent time.

Choice B Reason: Consume a low-fiber diet

A low-fiber diet is not recommended for clients with constipation. Fiber adds bulk to the stool and helps it pass more easily through the intestines. Foods high in fiber include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes. Increasing dietary fiber intake is a common and effective strategy for managing constipation. The recommended daily intake of fiber is 25 grams for women and 38 grams for men.

Choice C Reason: Reduce your daily activity

Reducing daily activity is not beneficial for managing constipation. Physical activity helps stimulate intestinal function and can promote regular bowel movements. Encouraging clients to engage in regular exercise, such as walking, swimming, or yoga, can help alleviate constipation. The American Heart Association recommends at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity per week.

Choice D Reason: Increase your daily fluid intake

Increasing daily fluid intake is a key recommendation for managing constipation. Fluids help soften the stool, making it easier to pass. Water is the best choice, but other fluids like herbal teas and clear soups can also be beneficial. It is generally recommended to drink at least 8 cups (64 ounces) of water per day, though individual needs may vary based on factors such as age, sex, and activity level.