A nurse is providing teaching about the use of metered-dose inhalers to a client who has asthma. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
"Hold your breath for 10 seconds after each puff."
"Inhale rapidly for 1 to 2 seconds after depressing the canister."
“Hold the mouthpiece 4 Inches away from your open mouth.”
"Tilt your head forward while inhaling.”
The Correct Answer is A
A. "Hold your breath for 10 seconds after each puff.": This allows the medication to deposit deeply into the airways, enhancing absorption and therapeutic effect. It is a key step in proper MDI technique.
B. "Inhale rapidly for 1 to 2 seconds after depressing the canister.": Inhalation should be slow and deep over 3 to 5 seconds to allow proper delivery of the medication into the lungs.
C. “Hold the mouthpiece 4 inches away from your open mouth.”: The preferred technique is to place the mouthpiece directly in the mouth with lips sealed around it unless a spacer is used.
D. "Tilt your head forward while inhaling.": The correct method is to tilt the head slightly back to open the airway and facilitate deeper inhalation of the medication.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. NPH insulin: This is an intermediate-acting insulin with a delayed onset and is not appropriate for continuous infusion. It is not used in the acute management of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
B. 0.45% saline: Hypotonic saline may be used later in DKA management, but initial fluid resuscitation requires isotonic fluids to restore intravascular volume and improve perfusion.
C. Glargine insulin: This is a long-acting insulin used for basal control and is not suitable for continuous infusion. It lacks the rapid onset and titratability needed in acute DKA treatment.
D. Normal saline: Isotonic 0.9% saline is the fluid of choice for initial resuscitation in DKA to treat dehydration, improve perfusion, and stabilize blood pressure before initiating insulin therapy.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Bowel movement 5 days ago: Constipation is a common side effect of morphine and should be addressed, but it is not immediately life-threatening and can be managed with laxatives or stool softeners.
B. Pupil diameter 6 mm: Pupil dilation is not a typical concern with morphine; miosis (constriction) is more commonly expected. While abnormal pupil size can indicate neurologic or drug-related issues, hypotension takes priority here.
C. Blood pressure 80/40 mm Hg: Hypotension is a serious adverse effect of morphine that may indicate circulatory depression. It requires immediate intervention to prevent inadequate organ perfusion and potential shock.
D. Urinary output 120 mL/4 hr: This output equals 30 mL/hr, which is within the expected minimum range. No immediate intervention is required, though continued monitoring is appropriate.
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