A nurse is admitting a client who is to undergo paracentesis for removal of ascitic fluid. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Place the client in a side-lying position for the procedure.

Administer a low-volume hypertonic enema the night before the procedure.

Weigh the client before and after the procedure.

Ensure the client has a full bladder just prior to the procedure.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Place the client in a side-lying position for the procedure. Paracentesis is typically performed with the client in a high-Fowler’s or upright position, allowing fluid to collect in the lower abdomen for easier drainage.
B. Administer a low-volume hypertonic enema the night before the procedure. An enema is not required for a paracentesis, as the procedure involves the peritoneal cavity, not the bowel.
C. Weigh the client before and after the procedure. Weighing the client helps assess the amount of fluid removed and monitor for fluid shifts. It is a key part of pre- and post-procedural care to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention.
D. Ensure the client has a full bladder just prior to the procedure. A full bladder increases the risk of injury during needle insertion. The bladder should be emptied before the procedure to prevent accidental puncture.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Lorazepam. Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine and the first-line medication for treating status epilepticus due to its rapid onset of action. It acts by enhancing the effect of GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, helping to quickly stop continuous seizure activity.
B. Carbamazepine. Carbamazepine is used for long-term seizure control, particularly in partial seizures, but it is not appropriate for emergency treatment of status epilepticus due to its slower onset of action and oral route of administration.
C. Lamotrigine. Lamotrigine is also used for chronic seizure management, including generalized and partial seizures. However, it is not effective in acute seizure emergencies and is typically not administered intravenously.
D. Clonazepam. While clonazepam is a benzodiazepine used to manage seizures, it is generally used for maintenance therapy. It lacks the fast-acting IV formulation preferred in treating status epilepticus, unlike lorazepam.

A. Sensation of skin warmth B. Increased salivation C. Numbness and tingling of the extremities D. Headache

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Sensation of skin warmth. A warm or flushed sensation is common during cardiac catheterization, especially when contrast dye is injected. This is a normal and temporary response to the dye used in the procedure.
B. Increased salivation. Increased salivation is not a typical reaction during cardiac catheterization. It is not associated with the administration of contrast dye or catheter manipulation.
C. Numbness and tingling of the extremities. Numbness or tingling may indicate compromised circulation or nerve involvement, which is abnormal and should be reported immediately. It may suggest complications like arterial spasm or clot.
D. Headache. Headaches are not expected during a cardiac catheterization. If a headache occurs, especially a severe one, it should be evaluated further, as it could indicate a reaction or another complication.

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A nurse is admitting a client who is to undergo paracentesis for removal of ascitic fluid. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

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