A nurse is reviewing a client's cardiac rhythm strips and notes a constant P-R interval of
0.35 seconds. Which of the following dysrhythmias is the client displaying?
Premature atrial complexes
Complete heart block
Atrial fibrillation
First-degree atrioventricular block
The Correct Answer is D
A. Incorrect. Premature atrial complexes do not typically affect the P-R interval. They are characterized by an early P-wave followed by a QRS complex.
B. Incorrect. Complete heart block is characterized by a dissociation between the P-waves and QRS complexes, resulting in no relationship between atrial and ventricular activity.
C. Incorrect. Atrial fibrillation is characterized by chaotic and irregular atrial activity without distinct P-waves, making the P-R interval irrelevant.
D. Correct. In first-degree atrioventricular block, the P-R interval is prolonged beyond the normal range of 0.12-0.20 seconds. A constant P-R interval of 0.35 seconds indicates a first- degree atrioventricular block.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C","E","G","H"]
Explanation
The correct answer is:Choices c, e, g, h, and a.
Choice A rationale (Current medications): The client is taking Ibuprofen 800 mg three times daily as needed for arthritis pain.Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that can cause gastrointestinal irritation, ulcers, and bleeding, especially when used at high doses or for a prolonged period12. Given the client’s symptoms of abdominal pain and a history of dark, tarry stool, the medication could be contributing to these symptoms and warrants further investigation.
Choice B rationale (Temperature): The client’s temperature is 37.5° C (99.5° F), which is within the normal range34. Therefore, it does not require immediate follow-up.
Choice C rationale (Hemoglobin and hematocrit): The client’s hemoglobin level is 9.1 g/dL, which is lower than the normal range of about 13.0 to 17.5 g/dL for adult males and 12.0 to 15.5 g/dL for adult females56.The client’s hematocrit is 27%, which is also lower than the normal range of about 38.3% to 48.6% for adult males and 35.5% to 44.9% for adult females7.Low hemoglobin and hematocrit levels can indicate anemia, which could explain the client’s reported fatigue and pale mucous membranes87.
Choice D rationale (WBC count): The client’s WBC count is 6,700/mm3, which falls within the normal range of about 4,500 to 11,000 WBCs per microliter910. Therefore, it does not require immediate follow-up.
Choice E rationale (Blood pressure): The client’s blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg, which is lower than the normal range11. Low blood pressure can cause symptoms such as dizziness, fainting, or blurred vision and requires immediate follow-up.
Choice F rationale (Respiratory rate): The client’s respiratory rate is 18 breaths per minute, which is within the normal range for adults of about 12 to 20 breaths per minute412. Therefore, it does not require immediate follow-up.
Choice G rationale (Stool results): The client’s stool tested positive for blood (Hemoccult positive), which could indicate gastrointestinal bleeding13. This finding, combined with the client’s reported abdominal pain and history of dark, tarry stool, requires immediate follow-up.
Choice H rationale (Heart rate): The client’s heart rate is 118 beats per minute, which is higher than the normal range for adults of about 60 to 100 beats per minute14.A high heart rate, or tachycardia, can be caused by factors such as stress, anxiety, physical exertion, dehydration, and certain medical conditions14. Given the client’s reported symptoms and medical history, this finding warrants immediate follow-up.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Correct. The priority is to assess the client for any adverse effects of the medication, such as a drop in blood pressure, which can result in orthostatic hypotension.
B. Incorrect. Nasal congestion is not typically associated with an overdose of valsartan.
C. Incorrect. While obtaining laboratory results might be necessary, it is not the priority action in this situation.
D. Incorrect. Monitoring urine output is important, but assessing for potential complications related to the overdose takes precedence.
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