A nurse in an emergency department is administering naloxone to a client who had a heroin overdose.
The nurse should identify which of the following assessment findings as an indication that the medication is reversing the effects of the opioid overdose?

Decreased temperature.

Polyuria.

Bradycardia.

Increased respiratory rate.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale:

Decreased temperature is not a typical sign of naloxone reversing the effects of an opioid overdose. Opioid overdose commonly leads to respiratory depression and hypoxia, but it does not significantly affect body temperature. Naloxone works by binding to the same receptors in the brain that opioids bind to, thereby reversing the effects of the overdose. The primary signs of successful reversal include improved respiratory rate and increased alertness, not changes in body temperature.

Choice B rationale:

Polyuria (excessive urination) is not a specific indicator of naloxone effectiveness. Opioid overdose and naloxone administration primarily affect the central nervous system and respiratory function, not urinary output. Naloxone's effects are more evident in the client's level of consciousness, respiratory rate, and overall responsiveness.

Choice C rationale:

Bradycardia (slow heart rate) is not an expected indicator of naloxone effectiveness. Opioid overdose typically causes respiratory depression, leading to a decreased respiratory rate and oxygen saturation. Naloxone works by reversing this respiratory depression and improving ventilation. Consequently, increased respiratory rate, not heart rate, is a more relevant indicator of naloxone's effectiveness in reversing opioid overdose.

Choice D rationale:

This is the correct answer. Increased respiratory rate is a key indicator that naloxone is reversing the effects of an opioid overdose. Opioid overdose depresses the respiratory system, leading to slow and shallow breathing. Naloxone, as an opioid receptor antagonist, rapidly reverses this effect, leading to a noticeable increase in the client's respiratory rate. Monitoring for improved breathing and increased oxygen saturation is crucial to assessing the effectiveness of naloxone in treating opioid overdose.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The correct answer is Choice A.

Choice A rationale: “What are the voices telling you?” This is the priority response because it directly addresses the client’s immediate concern. The nurse is acknowledging the client’s experience and seeking to understand more about it. This can help the nurse assess the potential for harm to the client or others, as the voices may be instructing the client to engage in dangerous behaviors.

Choice B rationale: “Have you taken your medication today?” While medication adherence is important in managing schizophrenia, this response does not address the client’s immediate concern about hearing voices. It may also come across as dismissive of the client’s experience.

Choice C rationale: “I realize the voices are real to you, but I don’t hear anything.” This response validates the client’s experience, but it does not gather further information about what the voices are saying, which is crucial for assessing safety.

Choice D rationale: “How long have you been hearing the voices?” While this question is relevant for understanding the client’s history and the progression of their illness, it is not the priority response. The immediate concern should be what the voices are saying to assess for potential harm.

A. "The child usually has an aura prior to onset." B. "This type of seizure can be mistaken for daydreaming." C. "This type of seizure lasts 30 to 60 seconds." D. "This type of seizure has a gradual onset."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Incorrect. Absence seizures typically do not have an aura. They are characterized by a sudden and brief loss of awareness without warning.

B. Correct. Absence seizures often involve a brief period of staring and decreased responsiveness. They can indeed be mistaken for daydreaming, as they are not as dramatic as other types of seizures.

C. Incorrect. Absence seizures are usually very brief, lasting only a few seconds (often less than 10 seconds), rather than 30 to 60 seconds.

D. Incorrect. Absence seizures have a sudden and abrupt onset, not a gradual one. They occur without warning and without a preceding aura.

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A nurse in an emergency department is administering naloxone to a client who had a heroin overdose.The nurse should identify which of the following assessment findings as an indication that the medication is reversing the effects of the opioid overdose?

Nursing Test Bank

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A nurse in an emergency department is administering naloxone to a client who had a heroin overdose.
The nurse should identify which of the following assessment findings as an indication that the medication is reversing the effects of the opioid overdose?